Is subarachnoid hemorrhage considered a minor injury?

Written by Tang Bo
Neurology
Updated on September 04, 2024
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage depends on the amount of bleeding and the location to determine the severity of the condition. It can be life-threatening in severe cases. If symptoms such as headache and severe vomiting occur, the possibility of subarachnoid hemorrhage should be considered. Initially, a cranial CT scan should be conducted to confirm the diagnosis. Further investigations should include cranial MRI or CTA vascular imaging, preferably CTA, to determine whether there is rupture bleeding caused by an aneurysm. In such cases, it is necessary to consider whether emergency surgery is required, based on the amount of bleeding and the condition of the blood vessels, and the possibility of an aneurysm to guide further treatment.

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Written by Liu Yan Hao
Neurology
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Clinical manifestations of subarachnoid hemorrhage

The clinical manifestations of subarachnoid hemorrhage include severe headache, projectile vomiting, and neck stiffness, sometimes accompanied by disturbances in consciousness. Some describe the headache caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage as the most severe headache of their lives. This severe pain is due to the congestion stimulating the meninges, causing pain that is typically very severe. Because the bleeding into the subarachnoid space allows blood to enter between the pia mater and the arachnoid membrane, stimulating the meninges and leading to these severe headaches, it causes a rapid increase in intracranial pressure and projectile vomiting. Patients may exhibit disturbances in consciousness and symptoms of irritability. This condition is considered a severe medical emergency that requires hospitalization for comprehensive treatment, with strict bed rest for four to six weeks, and it has a very high mortality rate.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a very dangerous disease, in which patients experience severe headaches, noticeable nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and agitation. If the bleeding is extensive, the patient can quickly become comatose and may develop serious complications such as cerebral vasospasm and hydrocephalus. Common causes of cerebral hemorrhage include: First, cerebral aneurysms. Cerebral aneurysms are the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage and may be related to congenital developmental abnormalities or acquired factors such as smoking. Second, arteriovenous malformations, which are also a common cause of bleeding. Third, there are other causes, such as trauma or coagulation disorders, and long-term use of anticoagulant medications may also be contributing factors.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Nursing Measures for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a rather dangerous disease that develops very quickly, causing severe headaches, nausea, vomiting in patients, and this disease has a high probability of bleeding, potentially causing some cerebral vasospasm, leading to secondary thrombus formation. Besides prompt treatment and identifying the cause, such as clipping an aneurysm, nursing measures are also very important. Common nursing measures mainly include: First, it is essential to educate the patient to stay in bed and rest absolutely, as premature activity may cause the aneurysm to rupture and rebleed. Second, the patient must be instructed to maintain smooth bowel movements and a stable emotional state to prevent increased intracranial pressure and rebleeding due to emotional excitement or constipation. Third, the patient should be encouraged to drink more water and be given sufficient fluids to prevent cerebral vasospasm and low perfusion effects. Other nursing measures include stabilizing the patient's mood and providing sedation when necessary.

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Written by Liu Yan Hao
Neurology
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a condition.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage refers to the rupture of blood vessels due to lesions at the base or on the surface of the brain, with blood directly flowing into the subarachnoid space, causing a clinical syndrome. This is different from cerebral hemorrhage, which refers to bleeding within the brain tissue itself, not into the subarachnoid space. So, what is the subarachnoid space? The human brain is covered by three layers of membranes: the pia mater, arachnoid, and dura mater. The subarachnoid space is the area between the pia mater and the arachnoid membrane, named as such. When there is a rupture in cerebral vascular malformations or cerebral aneurysms, blood flows directly into the subarachnoid space rather than causing bleeding in the brain tissue. Subarachnoid hemorrhage is considered a very serious medical condition with a very high mortality rate. Its main symptoms include severe headache, increased intracranial pressure, nausea, and projectile vomiting. If it is a second occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage, the mortality rate can reach up to 50%. A third occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage almost certainly results in death.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage nursing rounds

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a rather dangerous disease. Patients may experience significant symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and irritability. There can also be complications related to the nervous system. Besides medical and surgical treatment, nursing care is equally crucial. Key aspects to focus on during nursing rounds include: First, fully assess the patient's consciousness to see if they are alert or have slipped into a coma; second, observe the pupils to check if they are symmetrical and how they react to light; third, examine if there is any noticeable stiffness in the neck or signs of meningeal irritation; additionally, look at the pathological reflexes of the lower limbs; also, observe if the patient's mood is notably irritable; finally, monitor if the patient exhibits complications such as fever, cough, or expectoration, and provide the corresponding treatment.