Symptoms of epididymitis

Written by Wang Shuai
Urology
Updated on September 15, 2024
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The main symptoms of epididymitis include enlargement of the epididymis, accompanied by noticeable pain. The skin of the scrotum will appear red and swollen, and touching the scrotum will reveal an increase in local skin temperature. If not treated in time, an epididymal abscess may develop, causing a palpable fluctuation when touching the epididymis. If not addressed promptly, the abscess may rupture, leading to the leakage of pus from the scrotum. If epididymitis is diagnosed, it is important to seek timely treatment at a hospital's urology department. Diagnosis is typically confirmed via ultrasound and a local physical examination, and prompt treatment with antibiotics is necessary. If an abscess has already formed, surgical incision and drainage may be required. (Specific medications should be used under the guidance of a doctor, and self-medication should be avoided.)

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Epididymal cyst B-ultrasound manifestations

Epididymal cysts are formed due to the dilation of the efferent ductules and localized blockage of the epididymal duct, and they typically have characteristic appearances on ultrasound, showing as single or multiple anechoic areas. Epididymal cysts are usually located within the head of the epididymis and appear round or oval in shape with clear boundaries, varying in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. The cyst walls are thin, with good internal sound transmission, and there are generally no significant blood flow signals inside the cysts. Some parts of the cyst walls may calcify, appearing as strong echoic shadows. Epididymal cysts are a type of benign lesion.

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What foods should not be eaten with epididymitis?

Patients with epididymitis need to pay attention to their diet by eating light and avoiding overly greasy foods. They should consume more fresh vegetables and fruits. Additionally, they should avoid spicy and irritating foods such as onions, ginger, garlic, and chili peppers, and limit or completely avoid these items. It is necessary to quit smoking and drinking alcohol, and also avoid drinking strong tea, coffee, and other stimulating beverages. Besides dietary considerations, it is important to avoid sitting for long periods and refrain from vigorous exercise. Patients should try to lie down as much as possible and elevate the scrotum to help promote local blood circulation, which is beneficial for the treatment of the condition.

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How is epididymitis caused?

Epididymitis refers to the inflammation of the epididymis, characterized by enlargement and pain, caused by infections from pathogens such as bacteria. The main cause of epididymitis is usually a preceding infection such as urethritis, bacterial prostatitis, or vesiculitis that was not timely treated. Bacteria spread along the vas deferens to the epididymis, leading to epididymitis. Additionally, trauma to the epididymis can also cause epididymitis. Another common scenario is related to certain medical procedures, such as prolonged catheterization or after undergoing plasma electrocautery surgery of the prostate, which can easily lead to epididymitis. Once epididymitis occurs, it is crucial to promptly treat it with antibiotics. During treatment, it is advisable to consume a light diet, avoid spicy and stimulating food, rest as much as possible in bed, and keep the scrotum elevated. (Specific medication usage should be conducted under the guidance of a doctor.)

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How can an epididymal nodule be eliminated?

A significant portion of patients with epididymitis will have a hard nodule left at the site of the epididymis after inflammation control. This nodule is difficult to eliminate through medication. If the patient does not experience discomfort later on, local heat application or massage can be used to help dissipate the nodule. If the nodule does not cause any particular symptoms, no special treatment is needed. However, if the nodule is associated with significant pain or causes recurrent epididymitis, surgical removal of the epididymal nodule is recommended. After the surgery, timely anti-inflammatory treatment should be administered, and the wound should be kept clean and dry. Generally, recovery can be expected in about a week.

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Is bed rest necessary for epididymitis?

After the occurrence of epididymitis, the epididymis will enlarge to various extents, accompanied by pain, and the weight of the epididymis will significantly increase. In such cases, if the patient stands or sits for extended periods, the pain becomes more noticeable and is not conducive to treating the condition. Frequent prolonged sitting or standing, or even intense physical activity, could potentially lead to the risk of testicular torsion. Therefore, after being diagnosed with epididymitis, doctors usually advise patients to lie flat as much as possible. It is best to elevate the scrotum while lying flat, as this helps with local blood circulation and positively affects the treatment of the condition. If there is a need for special circumstances requiring some activity, it is best to use a scrotal support to lift the scrotum.