Can vulvar cancer be detected by B-ultrasound?

Written by Cui Fang Bo
Oncology
Updated on September 30, 2024
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Vulvar cancer, due to its superficial location, does not require an ultrasound for detection. Vulvar cancer is a malignant tumor of the vulva, with primary squamous epithelium being the most common type. The main clinical manifestations are vulvar nodules, often accompanied by pain and significant itching. Local necrosis or infection can occur, and the lesions of vulvar cancer can be directly observed with the naked eye. However, ultrasound examination is also widely used in vulvar cancer, not for detecting the cancer itself, but for examining whether there is enlargement of the lymph nodes in the groin, abdomen, and pelvic regions, suspecting invasion by cancer cells.

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Written by Yan Chun
Oncology
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What tests are needed to determine the cause of vulvar cancer?

Vulvar cancer is a type of malignant tumor in female gynecology. Clinically, the following examinations can be used to identify the cause of vulvar cancer. First, testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) can be conducted. If the patient is found to be infected with HPV, then the cause of vulvar cancer can be considered to be due to viral infection. Additionally, herpes virus testing can also be performed, as many patients with vulvar cancer are caused by herpes virus infection. Thirdly, cytological examination of the vulva can be conducted to detect if there are any malnutritive lesions, such as vulvar lichen sclerosus, and other diseases like dermatophytosis, which are also reasons for the high incidence of vulvar cancer.

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Written by Li Li Jie
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Is vulvar leukoplakia cancer?

First, vulvar lichen sclerosus is not cancerous. Vulvar lichen sclerosus is a general term that can be divided into many types, and the cause of the disease is unknown. The main symptoms include itching, atrophy, and whitening of the vulva. Because of vulvar itching, long-term scratching can lead to local skin thickening, cracking, and a certain risk of cell degeneration and malignancy. When vulvar lichen sclerosus occurs, patients need to visit a hospital for a colposcopy to rule out precancerous lesions. The usual treatment focuses on symptomatic relief, primarily to alleviate itching. If the itching is severe or if the treatment with medication is ineffective, photodynamic therapy can be used, which also has good effects.

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Written by Yan Chun
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Will the vulvar cancer be rotten in the late stage?

Patients with advanced vulvar cancer do not all show signs of internal ulceration. This is because, for most patients with vulvar cancer, the progression of the disease can lead to invasion of the surrounding tissues or distant metastasis. Some patients may experience heavy local infiltration, leading to tissue ulceration. However, most patients in the advanced stages primarily show symptoms related to lymphatic and hematogenous metastasis. When patients with advanced vulvar cancer develop lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis, they may experience symptoms of metastatic lesions, such as inguinal lymph node metastasis causing limb swelling and pain. If there are distant metastases to the lungs, liver, or other areas, patients may exhibit respiratory symptoms such as coughing and expectoration, or liver-related symptoms such as pain in the liver area or decreased appetite.

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Written by Yan Chun
Oncology
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Does vulvar cancer spread quickly if not treated with chemotherapy?

Vulvar cancer is a type of malignant tumor in women. For patients in the early stages of vulvar cancer, chemotherapy is generally not required after radical surgery. Even without chemotherapy, the disease progression of early-stage vulvar cancer is relatively slow, and many patients can achieve clinical cure after the radical surgery. However, for patients with mid-to-late stage vulvar cancer, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is generally required after the radical surgery to reduce the chances of disease recurrence and metastasis. Without postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, the disease can spread quickly, and many patients soon experience the spread of the disease, eventually leading to multi-organ failure and death. Therefore, it is essential for patients who need adjuvant chemotherapy to complete the supplementary treatment regularly and on time after surgery.

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Can vulvar cancer be detected through an HPV test?

Vulvar cancer cannot be detected through an HPV test, as the HPV test is a virological examination specifically designed to determine the presence of the human papillomavirus infection, but it cannot confirm the existence of vulvar cancer. Clinically, examinations for vulvar cancer primarily include a detailed physical examination to ascertain the presence of lumps, ulcers, or lesions on the vulva. Additionally, vulvar ultrasound, CT, or MRI can be performed to understand the extent of vulvar cancer invasion. A pathological examination of vulvar cancer can also be conducted to diagnose the disease.