What are the symptoms of lung cancer?

Written by Gong Chun
Oncology
Updated on September 05, 2024
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The most common symptoms of lung cancer include coughing, particularly irritating coughs, and symptoms of coughing up blood. The blood in the sputum may appear as spots, streaks, or intermittent small amounts. Other symptoms include difficulty breathing and chest pain, as well as potential tightness in the chest, shortness of breath, and fever. Secondly, if lung cancer grows within the thoracic cavity and spreads, invading nearby tissues and organs, it can produce secondary symptoms. For example, paralysis of the phrenic nerve on the same side may lead to difficulty breathing and belching. Compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve may cause hoarseness; compression of the superior vena cava can lead to distended veins in the face, neck, and upper limbs; subcutaneous edema; and if the pleura is invaded, it can cause pleural effusion, among other symptoms. If lung cancer metastasizes through the bloodstream, it may spread to the brain and potentially lead to symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and vomiting. Metastasis to different regions of the brain might cause various symptoms, including seizures, mental confusion, and vision impairment. In a minority of cases, lung cancer may produce endocrine substances, possibly leading to symptoms like severe muscle weakness, bone and joint pain, and other such symptoms.

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Written by Gong Chun
Oncology
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What fruits to eat for lung cancer

For lung cancer, it is appropriate to eat some green, natural, seasonal fruits. Generally, there are not too many fruits that cannot be eaten; there are no strict prohibitions against any particular fruit. You can eat apples, pears, bananas, oranges, watermelons, cantaloupes, and any such naturally green fruits, especially if they are unpolluted and in season. Therefore, generally speaking, there are not many fruits that people with lung cancer cannot eat. However, one should consume fruit in moderation. For instance, lychees are now in season, but as lychees are considered warm and heat-inducing, it is advisable to eat them in moderation.

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Written by Gong Chun
Oncology
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What tests are conducted for lung cancer?

Diagnosis of Lung Cancer: The first method can be through chest X-ray and CT scan; The second is sputum cytology examination; The third involves using a bronchoscopy; The fourth is mediastinoscopy, which allows direct observation of the enlargement of lymph nodes on both sides of the mediastinum; The fifth is to perform PET-CT, which is Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography; The sixth requires a biopsy; it can be done through a transthoracic needle biopsy, or via a bronchoscopic biopsy; The seventh is the biopsy of metastatic lesions, such as subclavian lymph nodes, and lymph node metastases in the neck or axillary areas can be examined; The eighth can involve drawing cancerous pleural effusion; if there is pleural effusion, pleural fluid cytology examination can be performed; The ninth method is thoracotomy exploration; if lung nodules or lung tumors cannot be definitively diagnosed through various other methods, thoracotomy exploration can be performed.

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Written by Gong Chun
Oncology
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What department should lung cancer patients visit?

The first point is that lung cancer can be categorized as a respiratory system disease, so one could visit the respiratory department. However, the respiratory department is not specialized enough for lung cancer, so it is recommended to visit the oncology department instead. After all, lung cancer is a malignant tumor. Initially, one can visit the respiratory department, but once it is confirmed through biopsy that it is lung cancer, it is advised to seek specialized treatment in the oncology department, as it is a malignant tumor.

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Written by Yang Feng
Pulmonology
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Symptoms of lung cancer transformation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Lung cancer is a complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but it is relatively less common for COPD patients to also have lung cancer. Regular health check-ups, including annual lung CT scans, can help identify the possibility of cancerous changes at an early stage. In the early stages of lung cancer, patients generally do not show obvious clinical symptoms. As the disease progresses, symptoms such as coughing up blood, weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats may occur. However, since the clinical symptoms of lung cancer are similar to other lung diseases, there are no typical clinical features, and imaging studies are needed for preliminary screening.

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Written by Hu Zhong Dong
Medical Oncology
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Clinical manifestations of lung cancer

The clinical manifestations of lung cancer may include fever. The reasons for the fever include possible infection, fever caused by the tumor itself, and another symptom is hemoptysis. Blood-streaked sputum or hemoptysis is a common symptom of lung cancer, accounting for about 30% of the initial symptoms. The characteristic of hemoptysis in lung cancer is intermittent and persistent, or repeated minor hemoptysis or blood streaks in sputum. Some patients may have large blood vessel ruptures, tumor cavitation leading to bronchial rupture, also causing massive hemoptysis. Some patients may exhibit coughing, with coughing as the initial symptom in about 35%-75% of cases. If a person's cough changes in nature to a high-pitched metallic sound, especially in smokers, it is crucial to be highly alert to the possibility of lung cancer. Another symptom is hoarseness, which occurs in about 20%-30% of lung cancer patients at various stages of the disease.