How long does hematuria last in acute nephritis?

Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
Updated on September 14, 2024
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The condition of acute nephritis is generally quite severe. Patients may experience hematuria and proteinuria, with diffuse cellular proliferation in the glomeruli. However, this disease is self-limiting, and the condition can heal on its own. It is important to control the causes of acute nephritis and the complications it may cause to help patients overcome the difficulties. Afterward, the patients' hematuria and proteinuria could potentially disappear. Generally, it takes about 3 to 4 weeks for the urinalysis to turn negative, and some patients may even take up to six months to recover. If recovery takes more than six months, it is possible that the patient's acute nephritis has become chronic nephritis.

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Written by Li Liu Sheng
Nephrology
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How should acute nephritis be treated?

Patients with acute nephritis generally have a good prognosis after reasonable and standardized treatment, and rarely develop into chronic nephritis. The main means of treating acute nephritis is symptomatic supportive care, requiring patients to rest in bed during the acute phase. At the same time, spicy food should be avoided and salt intake should be appropriately controlled. If the patient has an infection, sensitive antibiotics should be actively selected for treatment. Additionally, diuretics can be appropriately used for patients with edema, and if the patient also has hypertension, antihypertensive drugs may be used to keep blood pressure within an appropriate range. Of course, some severe cases of acute nephritis may lead to heart failure or renal failure, in which case dialysis should be actively pursued. (Specific medication use should be carried out under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Does acute nephritis easily lead to excessive internal heat?

What is referred to as "getting heated" generally refers to the appearance of herpes around the mouth. In fact, most people carry the herpes virus, which typically does not flare up under normal circumstances. However, when the body's immune system is weakened, the virus can become active. For example, factors like long-term fatigue, lack of sleep, or other illnesses can lead to the reemergence of these sores. They can also appear during acute nephritis, as this condition involves kidney abnormalities or possible symptoms like blood and protein in the urine. Some patients may also experience reduced urine output and acute kidney failure. During acute kidney failure, the immune system is often weakened, which can lead to the reappearance of herpes around the mouth, commonly known as "getting heated."

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Is acute nephritis contagious?

Acute nephritis is not contagious. Although acute nephritis often follows a history of streptococcal infection, when such streptococci infect the human body, they can cause an immune complex reaction, which circulates through the bloodstream to the kidneys causing inflammation. Furthermore, these streptococci can have a cross-immune reaction with kidney tissue. These mechanisms together lead to diffuse proliferation of glomerular capillary cells, causing hematuria, proteinuria, and even renal failure. However, this condition generally is not contagious. Although this disease is related to streptococcal infection, these streptococci are mostly opportunistic pathogens and are unlikely to cause harm to people other than the patient, making it difficult to trigger a nephritis reaction again.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Will acute nephritis cause facial swelling?

Acute nephritis can also cause facial swelling in patients. The pathological damage in patients with acute nephritis is the diffuse proliferation of glomerular cells, which reduces the glomeruli's ability to filter blood. As a result, patients may experience proteinuria and hematuria. Decreased kidney function in water excretion can lead to water accumulation in the body, causing edema in the lower limbs or facial area. The increase in urinary protein can also increase vascular permeability and decrease plasma osmotic pressure, leading to the movement of water outside the blood vessels. These factors can all cause edema. In the body, water tends to accumulate in areas where tissues are looser, such as the facial area. Thus, it is possible for patients with acute nephritis to experience facial swelling.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Principles of Acute Nephritis Treatment

The treatment of acute nephritis mainly involves managing the complications of acute nephritis, because acute nephritis itself can potentially heal automatically. The inflammatory reaction in the glomeruli can naturally subside, and proteinuria can decrease, kidney function can recover. However, acute nephritis may cause some complications that could be life-threatening to the patient. Therefore, treatment should focus on these complications to help the patient overcome difficulties, and then wait for the acute nephritis to heal automatically. Common complications mainly include heart failure, high blood pressure, pulmonary infections, etc. Thus, if a patient experiences heart failure, diuretics or even dialysis may be needed, and if an infection occurs, a full course of antibiotics is necessary for anti-inflammatory treatment.