Rectal prolapse symptoms

Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
Updated on February 13, 2025
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The symptoms of rectal prolapse mainly refer to local mucosal relaxation in the anal canal, which leads to the prolapse of the internal mucosa outside the anus, or excessive relaxation of the mucosa that accumulates at the anus, forming an internal mucosal prolapse of the rectum. Rectal prolapse may also manifest as local bloating, pain, and a feeling of falling in the patient. Due to repeated prolapses, it may also cause difficulties in defecation due to mucosal accumulation at the anus, or form outlet obstructive constipation. Therefore, whether it is internal mucosal prolapse of the rectum or prolapse that leads to rectal prolapse, it is advisable for patients to undergo surgical treatment as soon as possible to avoid aggravating the condition and delaying treatment.

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Written by Deng Heng
Colorectal Surgery
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Postoperative Care for Rectal Prolapse Surgery

Post-Rectal Prolapse Surgery Precautions: 1. Rest in bed, which helps improve the recovery rate. Due to gravity, many patients with rectal prolapse experience prolapse when standing or walking. Although the surgery fixes the prolapsed mucosa, the firmness of the fixation takes time to establish. Therefore, it is recommended to rest in bed with limited activity for one week after the surgery to solidify the therapeutic effects. 2. Take oral antibiotics for 7 to 10 days after surgery. 3. Abstain from food for the first two days after surgery, and consume semi-liquid or liquid foods in reduced quantities on the third day. 4. Refrain from defecating for 4 to 5 days after surgery. 5. Do not strain during the first bowel movement after surgery. (Please use medications under the guidance of a professional physician)

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Which department to consult for rectal prolapse?

Rectal prolapse is generally divided into internal mucosal prolapse and external prolapse. External mucosal prolapse is commonly known as rectal prolapse, which falls under the category of proctological diseases. Therefore, patients who suspect they have rectal prolapse should promptly visit a proctology department for relevant examinations and treatment. The examination and diagnosis of rectal prolapse mainly involve digital rectal examination, anoscopy, and defecography to confirm the diagnosis. Especially for internal mucosal prolapse, which cannot be seen with the naked eye, defecography is necessary for differentiation. In cases of rectal prolapse, one can generally see a ring-like protrusion outside the anus, and in severe cases, there may be conical or cylindrical prolapse. Regardless of whether it is internal mucosal prolapse or rectal prolapse, surgical treatment is necessary.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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How to check for rectal prolapse?

Rectal prolapse is generally divided into internal rectal mucosal prolapse and external prolapse, also known as rectal procidentia. If it is an internal prolapse, an anoscopy combined with defecography is required to examine the degree of laxity of the local rectal mucosa. If it is an external prolapse or rectal procidentia, the patient generally presents with a prolapsed swelling when squatting, and this can be further evaluated with a digital rectal examination to assess the local tightness of the anus. If rectal prolapse occurs, surgical treatment is recommended as it tends to be quite effective. In cases of pediatric prolapse or mild prolapse, traditional Chinese medicine enemas may be used to alleviate local symptoms.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Can glycerin suppositories be used for rectal prolapse?

If a patient experiences difficulty in defecation or constipation due to rectal prolapse, enemas can be used to help facilitate bowel movements. The basic principle behind the defecation difficulties caused by rectal prolapse is due to the prolapsed, lax mucosa blocking the anal opening, preventing normal excretion of stool. Alternatively, when excretion does occur, it may be impeded by the mucosal obstruction, obstructing the normal passage of feces. Therefore, besides using enemas to address difficulty in defection and bowel movement, it is more necessary to surgically remove the lax mucosa to achieve a fundamental treatment. The use of enemas alone can only provide temporary relief of symptoms and does not address the root cause of the problem. For rectal mucosal prolapse, a stapled hemorrhoidopexy can be performed to surgically remove the prolapsed mucosa.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Can rectal prolapse cause rectal bleeding?

If it is a recurrent case of rectal prolapse, as the prolapsed mucosa appears at the anus and rubs against it repeatedly when the patient walks or moves, it can lead to mucosal rupture and bleeding. Therefore, in severe cases of rectal prolapse or when a complete prolapse occurs, there might be bleeding during defecation. The diagnosis of rectal prolapse requires an examination with an anoscope and defecography to make a definitive diagnosis. For mild rectal prolapse, one can treat it with oral medications that supplement and boost the body's vital energy, and this can be supplemented with herbal enemas. For severe cases of internal mucosal rectal prolapse or complete mucosal prolapse, it is advisable to undergo surgical removal of the excess mucosa through excision or suturing. This surgery can alleviate symptoms of discomfort and prevent other complications.