What causes rectal prolapse?

Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
Updated on June 21, 2025
00:00
00:00

There are many causes of rectal prolapse. If there are no external factors involved, the most common cause is generally due to poor physical constitution and insufficient central qi, leading to a relaxed and sagging state of the intestinal mucosa. In some children, due to insufficient congenital development and weak kidney qi, there may be temporary prolapse. As the child's pelvic structure and tissues develop, symptoms of prolapse will ease. Another group of cases occur in women who have given birth multiple times. Due to excessive strain in the anal area and pelvis during natural childbirth, or increased negative pressure during pregnancy compressing the local mucosa and tissues of the anus, rectal prolapse may occur after childbirth. Mild symptoms of rectal prolapse can be alleviated with conservative medication, while severe symptoms or those affecting the patient's life may require surgical treatment.

Other Voices

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
1min home-news-image

Can glycerin suppositories be used for rectal prolapse?

If a patient experiences difficulty in defecation or constipation due to rectal prolapse, enemas can be used to help facilitate bowel movements. The basic principle behind the defecation difficulties caused by rectal prolapse is due to the prolapsed, lax mucosa blocking the anal opening, preventing normal excretion of stool. Alternatively, when excretion does occur, it may be impeded by the mucosal obstruction, obstructing the normal passage of feces. Therefore, besides using enemas to address difficulty in defection and bowel movement, it is more necessary to surgically remove the lax mucosa to achieve a fundamental treatment. The use of enemas alone can only provide temporary relief of symptoms and does not address the root cause of the problem. For rectal mucosal prolapse, a stapled hemorrhoidopexy can be performed to surgically remove the prolapsed mucosa.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
59sec home-news-image

Can rectal prolapse cause rectal bleeding?

If it is a recurrent case of rectal prolapse, as the prolapsed mucosa appears at the anus and rubs against it repeatedly when the patient walks or moves, it can lead to mucosal rupture and bleeding. Therefore, in severe cases of rectal prolapse or when a complete prolapse occurs, there might be bleeding during defecation. The diagnosis of rectal prolapse requires an examination with an anoscope and defecography to make a definitive diagnosis. For mild rectal prolapse, one can treat it with oral medications that supplement and boost the body's vital energy, and this can be supplemented with herbal enemas. For severe cases of internal mucosal rectal prolapse or complete mucosal prolapse, it is advisable to undergo surgical removal of the excess mucosa through excision or suturing. This surgery can alleviate symptoms of discomfort and prevent other complications.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
51sec home-news-image

Can you do yoga with rectal prolapse?

Patients with rectal prolapse can engage in moderate exercise, but it is not recommended to perform exercises that involve significant abdominal strength or squatting movements. This is because excessive abdominal pressure or overexertion can increase intra-abdominal pressure, compressing the mucosa and tissue around the anus, thereby worsening the prolapse. If squatting exercises are performed over a long period, it could further aggravate the degree of rectal mucosal prolapse. Hence, patients with rectal prolapse may opt for gentler exercises like yoga, ensuring that the movements and methods do not exacerbate the condition of the rectal mucosa. Patients with rectal prolapse should seek surgical treatment as soon as possible, where the prolapsed mucosa is completely excised for recovery.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
1min 3sec home-news-image

Rectal prolapse treatment

Rectal prolapse is primarily categorized into mild rectal prolapse as well as moderate and severe rectal prolapse. Mild rectal prolapse generally occurs in the early stages of the illness or in children and can be treated conservatively. Conservative treatment mainly involves Chinese herbal retention enemas. On the other hand, moderate and severe rectal prolapse can result in the protrusion of the local mucosa outside the anus, presenting as cylindrical or cone-shaped prolapses. Treating moderate to severe hemorrhoidal prolapse requires surgical intervention. The main surgical methods include hemorrhoidal mucosectomy with stapling and local submucosal sclerosant injections. It is also important to caution postoperative patients against squatting for long periods or straining during constipation, as these actions can exacerbate symptoms of submucosal prolapse.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
1min 6sec home-news-image

Clinical manifestations of rectal prolapse

The clinical manifestations of rectal prolapse mainly involve the contents within the anal canal, especially the prolapse of the rectal mucosa outside the anus, which is most common. Severe cases of rectal prolapse may lead to a cylindrical or conical prolapse. The common type of rectal prolapse mainly refers to rectal prolapse, but there can also be internal prolapse of the rectal mucosa. Internal prolapse of the rectal mucosa is characterized by excessive relaxation and accumulation of the rectal mucosa at the anus, causing symptoms such as a sense of blockage, downward pressure, and obstruction during bowel movements. This can be definitively diagnosed through an anal examination and defecography. Regardless of whether it is internal prolapse of the rectal mucosa or rectal prolapse, when the disease progresses to a severe degree affecting the patient's normal life, surgical treatment is recommended.