Is upper gastrointestinal bleeding easy to treat?

Written by Jiang Guo Ming
Gastroenterology
Updated on September 24, 2024
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I can only say that most upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be treated. Common issues such as gastric and duodenal ulcers, complex ulcers, and bleeding caused by acute gastric mucosal lesions can be managed with intravenous or oral administration of proton pump inhibitors, such as omeprazole, lansoprazole, etc., combined with hemostatic drugs and dietary control, often achieving satisfactory therapeutic effects. Cases like bleeding from esophagogastric varices due to liver cirrhosis may require endoscopic sclerotherapy or banding, and sometimes surgery, but recurrent bleeding can occur. Bleeding caused by gastrointestinal tumors requires treatment of the primary disease and often has a poor prognosis. Additionally, bleeding from the gastroduodenal artery, which is severe and urgent, can be addressed with surgical intervention if treatments like endoscopic electrocoagulation are ineffective.

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Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
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The most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is also relatively common clinically. The most common causes mainly include the following points: the first is bleeding from gastric and duodenal ulcers, the second category is esophageal and gastric fundal variceal rupture caused by liver cirrhosis, the third category includes bleeding caused by stress ulcers and acute erosive gastritis, and another category includes bleeding caused by gastric cancer, etc. After upper gastrointestinal bleeding occurs, blood transfusion should be administered to replenish blood volume and stop the bleeding. If conditions allow, a complete gastroscopy should be performed for endoscopic hemostasis. If drug treatment is not effective, surgical treatment may be considered, etc.

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Written by Zhu Dan Hua
Gastroenterology
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Estimating the bleeding amount in upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is relatively common in clinical practice, generally manifesting as vomiting blood or defecating blood; typically, the amount of blood vomited is larger while the quantity of blood in stool is less. It can generally be assessed by the following indicators: First, the situation of vomiting blood and blood in stool; second, the change in hemoglobin; third, the change in blood pressure. It is generally believed that if there is a problem with blood pressure, such as low blood pressure, the bleeding is usually significant. Second, by measuring the change in hemoglobin, it is generally considered that a decrease of 10g/L in hemoglobin corresponds to an estimated blood loss of around 400ml; of course, clinically, mild to moderate anemia is especially common. The appearance of vomited blood, generally considered to be more than 250ml, can be accompanied by vomiting and melena, which are commonly seen clinically, whether the bleeding is from the upper or lower gastrointestinal tract.

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Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
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The most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is also relatively common in clinical practice, and its common causes mainly include the following points: The first is bleeding from gastric and duodenal ulcers; the second is liver cirrhosis leading to portal hypertension, which causes rupture and bleeding of gastric varices; the third is acute erosive gastritis leading to acute ulcer bleeding; the fourth category includes gastric cancer and various systemic diseases, such as bleeding caused by hematologic diseases. Therefore, if upper gastrointestinal bleeding occurs and the patient has a large amount of bleeding or rapid bleeding, they must seek medical attention immediately.

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Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
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Is an upper gastrointestinal perforation serious?

Upper gastrointestinal perforation is most commonly due to gastric perforation caused by gastric ulcers and is considered an emergency in clinical settings. Following the perforation, the contents of the stomach leak into the abdominal cavity, causing diffuse peritonitis and potentially leading to shock; urgent perforation repair surgery is required. If the perforation is caused by a large ulcer, a major part of the stomach may be removed to prevent recurrence of the ulcer. After surgery, it is important to enhance fluid support. If there is a significant peritonitis, timely use of antibiotics is necessary. Post-surgery, it is crucial to rest, focus on dietary adjustments, eat more vegetables and fruits, and consume fewer spicy and greasy foods. (Medication should be taken under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Wu Hai Wu
Gastroenterology
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Can you eat egg custard with upper gastrointestinal bleeding?

As for whether one can eat egg custard when experiencing upper gastrointestinal bleeding, it requires specific analysis of the situation. If it is during the acute phase of bleeding, such as just after vomiting blood, at that moment, one cannot eat anything and must fast. If the upper gastrointestinal bleeding has been treated and the patient has largely recovered, then they can eat egg custard, as well as other liquid or semi-liquid foods. Therefore, whether a patient with upper gastrointestinal bleeding can eat egg custard depends on the patient's condition. Once a patient experiences upper gastrointestinal bleeding, it is crucial to seek prompt medical attention at a reputable hospital's gastroenterology department to undergo thorough examinations, such as an endoscopy, to confirm the diagnosis.