How long does it take for kidney cancer to progress from early to late stage?

Written by Zeng Zhong
Urology
Updated on March 19, 2025
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It will likely take about two years. Kidney cancer is a malignant tumor with a relatively high degree of malignancy, and its prognosis is closely related to its specific pathological staging. Therefore, it is not possible to accurately judge this time frame as it relates to individual differences in tumors and the degree of malignancy. Timely detection and standard treatment are crucial. The first choice is surgical treatment, which should be followed by immunotherapy and targeted therapy to prevent and reduce the possibility of postoperative recurrence and metastasis. If controlled effectively, early cure is possible, and the survival period in the middle and late stages can be significantly extended. Early treatment primarily involves surgical operations, which can be complemented by traditional Chinese medicine to reduce the risk of recurrence.

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Kidney cancer thrombus

Tumor thrombus is one of the common complications of tumors, and refers to cancer cells in blood vessels or lymphatic vessels similar to blood clots, i.e., cancer cells clustering together, invading the vessels, and causing abnormalities in blood coagulation function, leading to disorders in blood circulation and abnormal coagulation with clustered cancer cells. Generally, the risk of tumor thrombus formation is very high, and patients with tumor thrombus have much worse treatment outcomes than those without. Renal cancer is also a tumor commonly associated with tumor thrombus. Once a tumor thrombus occurs, it indicates that the surgery might be staged quite late, and thus, its treatment results are also relatively poor.

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Can kidney cancer that has spread to the lungs be cured?

Kidney cancer usually reaches an advanced stage by the time it metastasizes to the lungs, leading to a generally low survival rate. For early and intermediate-stage kidney cancer patients, surgical treatment is typically employed. However, in advanced stages, especially when there are lung metastases, surgical methods are often not suitable. However, if the metastatic foci are small, it is still recommended to remove them surgically. Immunotherapy can be used for lung metastases, such as using interferon or targeted therapy. Targeted therapy tends to be effective, commonly using drugs like sorafenib and sunitinib for first-line or second-line treatment of metastatic kidney cancer. Although a complete cure is not possible, these treatments can significantly prolong the patient's lifespan, improve survival rates, and alleviate symptoms.

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Does kidney cancer cause fever?

Kidney cancer itself generally does not cause fever. Kidney cancer is a malignant tumor, and the most common clinical manifestation in patients is hematuria. As this malignant tumor grows larger, it may eventually rupture and bleed, leading patients to notice the formation of blood in the urine. Some patients may also be able to feel a mass in the abdomen. In severe cases of kidney cancer, it may lead to reduced urine output due to kidney failure. These symptoms are common manifestations of kidney cancer. Kidney cancer itself is unlikely to cause a fever, but due to the presence of kidney cancer, changes in the tissue structure of the kidney can occur, making infections more likely. When an infection occurs, it may also cause a fever, but this fever is not directly caused by the kidney cancer itself.

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Clinical manifestations of renal cancer

The clinical manifestations and staging of kidney cancer are related to the most common early-stage kidney cancer, late-stage kidney cancer, or metastatic kidney cancer. Generally, early-stage kidney cancer exhibits few clinical symptoms and is often detected during physical examinations, through ultrasonography of the urinary tract, or kidney ultrasonography, where tumors are the most commonly found. Additionally, later stages of kidney cancer often present as swelling pain in the waist area or occasional hematuria. More serious conditions involve feeling a mass in the upper abdomen upon palpation, which is a clinical manifestation. Nowadays, with heightened awareness for health checks, such conditions are generally discovered through these examinations. When major clinical manifestations like hematuria and abdominal masses occur, it indicates that the kidney tumor has already progressed to the mid or late stages.

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Can kidney cancer be diagnosed with a CT scan?

If you have kidney cancer, preoperative examinations, including ultrasound, CT, and even MRI, cannot definitively diagnose the cancer. These preoperative tests primarily provide diagnostic references. To confirm a diagnosis of kidney cancer, a biopsy via renal tumor puncture must be performed, or after surgery, the specimen should be sent for pathological examination to be definitively diagnosed based on the pathology results. This is because the pathology results clarify the type of tumor cells and their grading, making the pathological examination the final and most accurate diagnostic result.