Dietary precautions for renal cancer

Written by Guan Hai Fang
Urology
Updated on July 03, 2025
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Patients with kidney cancer should pay attention to a balanced intake of nutrients in their diet. Avoid spicy and stimulating foods, and do not consume foods that increase the metabolic burden on the kidneys. The diet should primarily be light, including plenty of fruits and vegetables such as apples, pears, peaches, apricots, and oranges. Consume more garlic, and avoid eating overnight leftovers and pickled foods. Do not drink alcohol, especially strong spirits, and do not smoke. Daily meals should mainly consist of steamed and slow-cooked foods. Food should be finely prepared and soft to enhance nutrient intake. Drink plenty of water and include more protein in your diet to supplement nutrition.

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What are the early symptoms of kidney cancer?

Kidney cancer is a common malignant tumor in the urinary system. Many patients with early-stage kidney cancer do not show any symptoms clinically and are incidentally discovered during medical examinations. Many patients in the early stages may also present with painless hematuria, sometimes as gross hematuria and sometimes as microscopic hematuria. Some patients may experience pain in the kidney area due to blood clots formed after hematuria, mainly presenting as intermittent episodes of mild back pain. Additionally, some patients in the early stages might show symptoms of paraneoplastic syndrome, such as hypertension and fever, but these clinical symptoms generally occur at a very low frequency. When patients present with obvious clinical symptoms, it often indicates that the kidney cancer has metastasized, leading to a clinical presentation of mid-to-late stage kidney cancer.

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Kidney cancer most commonly metastasizes to which locations?

Kidney cancer clinically tends to metastasize through direct spread, the lymphatic pathway, and the hematogenous pathway. The lymphatic route often involves enlargement of the perirenal lymph nodes or the lymph nodes in the groin or retroperitoneum. Kidney cancer is also prone to metastasize to the lungs, liver, bones, and other parts via the bloodstream. Similarly, kidney cancer can spread to the perirenal area, ureters, bladder, and other parts through direct extension. Once kidney cancer metastasizes to other organs, it is considered to be in the advanced stages clinically, and treatment primarily involves targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and other comprehensive treatment measures, with surgical treatment not being used as the primary anti-tumor treatment. Once kidney cancer has metastasized, the clinical staging is late, and the prognosis for the patients is poor.

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Kidney cancer thrombus

Tumor thrombus is one of the common complications of tumors, and refers to cancer cells in blood vessels or lymphatic vessels similar to blood clots, i.e., cancer cells clustering together, invading the vessels, and causing abnormalities in blood coagulation function, leading to disorders in blood circulation and abnormal coagulation with clustered cancer cells. Generally, the risk of tumor thrombus formation is very high, and patients with tumor thrombus have much worse treatment outcomes than those without. Renal cancer is also a tumor commonly associated with tumor thrombus. Once a tumor thrombus occurs, it indicates that the surgery might be staged quite late, and thus, its treatment results are also relatively poor.

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What to do if kidney cancer recurs?

Generally, if kidney cancer is detected early and treated effectively, the prognosis is usually very favorable. However, if it reaches a late stage, even with effective surgery and the correct comprehensive treatment plan, recurrence is more likely. At this time, it is generally recommended to adhere to the treatment plan prescribed by the hospital. Additionally, the concept of extending life with the disease is recommended here, suggesting that patients consume a large amount of meat, especially fish, to supplement the protein needed to offset the physical toll of cancer. Do not fear obesity; eat more fish. Of course, it is also important to ensure a balanced intake of comprehensive nutrients, including plenty of fruits and vegetables.

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Is kidney cancer the same as uremia?

Kidney cancer cannot be equated with uremia. Kidney cancer is a malignant tumor of the kidney. Its treatment can be through surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and so on. Uremia, on the other hand, is the end-stage development of various kidney diseases. It is a clinical syndrome characterized by the loss of most or all kidney function, leading to sodium and water retention, various electrolyte disorders, and the accumulation of toxins such as urea nitrogen and creatinine. The treatment of uremia relies on hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or kidney transplantation. Although kidney cancer is not uremia, severe kidney cancer can also develop into uremia. At that time, blood replacement therapy is also needed.