How is genital herpes tested?

Written by Luo Hong
Dermatology Department
Updated on September 05, 2024
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Herpes viruses are generally divided into two types, type 1 and type 2 genital herpes, mainly caused by type 2 herpes virus. The best approach for type 2 herpes virus is to use blister fluid for PCR testing of DNA. If testing is not possible, you can also consider blood tests for herpes virus antibodies. If the IGM for type 2 herpes virus is positive, then consider it a current symptomatic infection. If the IGM is negative, but HCG is positive, then consider this herpes as a past infection.

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Written by Luo Hong
Dermatology Department
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Is genital herpes serology accurate?

Serological testing for genital herpes in hospitals generally provides testing for type 1 and type 2 viruses, including IgM and IgG. Over 90% of genital herpes cases are primarily caused by type 2 virus, so the focus is typically on type 2 virus IgG and IgM. However, IgM represents an active infection, meaning a current infection stage. If IgM is negative and IgG is positive, it indicates a past infection. These results are generally accurate, but their timeliness is not as high as DNA's timeliness. Therefore, if possible, it is best to collect vesicle fluid on the first or second day of a herpes outbreak and use PCR to test the DNA for the most accurate results.

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Written by Wang Zhi Guo
Dermatology
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Is genital herpes incurable forever?

Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease characterized by its tendency to recur frequently. It often flares up when the body's resistance is low, during sleep deprivation, fatigue, or after drinking alcohol. Genital herpes is not incurable; it is generally treated with oral antiviral medications such as acyclovir, famciclovir, or valacyclovir. Topical applications, like acyclovir cream or penciclovir gel, can also be used. Recovery generally takes about a week. For those who suffer from frequent recurrences, oral immunomodulatory drugs such as thymopentin or pidotimod can be taken. Additionally, it’s important to exercise, avoid alcohol, and enhance the body's resistance to potentially achieve gradual recovery.

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Written by Xie Ming Feng
Dermatology
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Can genital herpes be completely cured?

Genital herpes is a chronic, recurrent, and difficult to cure sexually transmitted disease caused by the infection of the herpes simplex virus in the urogenital and perianal skin and mucous membranes. Currently, there is a lack of drugs in clinical practice that can kill the herpes simplex virus, and also a lack of methods to kill the virus, therefore genital herpes cannot be completely cured.

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Written by Xie Ming Feng
Dermatology
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Genital herpes appears in what location?

Genital herpes is a chronic, recurrent, and difficult-to-cure sexually transmitted disease caused by the infection of the urinary and genital skin and mucosa with herpes simplex virus. It primarily affects the genitals and perineal area. In males, it commonly occurs on the foreskin, glans penis, and coronal sulcus. In females, it is often seen on the labia majora, labia minora, vaginal opening, and cervical opening. Less commonly, it can also affect areas around the anus, buttocks, and groin.

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Written by Du Kun
Dermatology
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What are the symptoms of genital herpes?

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by herpes simplex virus infection, mainly by type 2 genital herpes virus. It commonly occurs in the genital area or the perineum. The skin lesions primarily appear as initial red papules, which rapidly develop into isolated or clustered vesicles, accompanied by secondary infections that can lead to pustules, erosions, crusts, and even ulcers. Clinically, the symptoms include varying degrees of itchiness or burning sensation. A minority of individuals may also experience swelling and tenderness of local lymph nodes, along with low fever, headache, or general symptoms.