The difference between stroke and cerebral hemorrhage

Written by Tang Bo

Neurology

Updated on September 06, 2024

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Stroke includes hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. Hemorrhagic stroke refers to cerebral hemorrhage, and ischemic stroke refers to cerebral infarction. Thus, they are included in the category of stroke. If symptoms similar to stroke occur, such as facial droop and limb weakness, along with a sudden increase in blood pressure, it is essential to go to the hospital immediately. The first step should be a cranial CT scan to determine whether it is a hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke, to guide further different treatments. Therefore, one must go to the hospital promptly if such symptoms appear.

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Basic Principles of Stroke Rehabilitation Treatment

There are several key principles for stroke rehabilitation. The first emphasizes that rehabilitation should start as early as possible. In cases of ischemic stroke, generally when the patient is conscious and vital signs are stable, rehabilitation can begin after 48 hours. For patients with high blood pressure or cerebral hemorrhage, it is generally recommended to start rehabilitation after seven days. The second principle emphasizes the active participation of the patient, encouraging patients to actively engage in rehabilitation training and communicate with therapists to achieve functional improvement. The third point emphasizes comprehensive rehabilitation; stroke patients often have issues in multiple areas such as language, cognition, swallowing, limb movement, and functional balance, so it is suggested that patients undergo comprehensive rehabilitation rather than focusing on just one aspect. The fourth point stresses the continuity of rehabilitation, as rehabilitation therapy is an ongoing process.

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What is a stroke screening?

Screening for stroke primarily targets high-risk groups, conducting relevant examinations to identify individuals at high risk of stroke and provide timely preventive treatment to prevent the formation of cerebral thrombosis. For example, stroke screening requires thorough checks of blood sugar, blood lipids, and homocysteine levels. It is also necessary to measure the patient's blood pressure and assess the condition of the patient’s blood vessels. This includes carrying out ultrasound scans of the bilateral common carotid, internal carotid, and vertebral arteries, as well as transcranial Doppler or cranial MRA examinations. If a patient exhibits significant cerebral arteriosclerosis with arterial narrowing, they are considered part of a high-risk group and must undergo appropriate interventional treatments.

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Written by Zhang Hui

Neurology

1min 12sec

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What is a stroke?

Stroke primarily refers to cerebrovascular disease. Acute onset of stroke usually presents with focal neurological deficits, mainly divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Ischemic stroke, primarily referring to cerebral infarction, occurs due to an interruption in the blood supply to the brain, causing vessel occlusion and resulting in various clinical syndromes. Clinically, it presents rapidly with symptoms such as limb paralysis, slurred speech, and facial drooping. The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke is caused by central arteriosclerosis of large vessels. Additionally, stroke also includes cerebral embolism, mainly referring to atrial fibrillation-induced emboli from wall-attached thrombi, and other foreign bodies causing embolic blockage, leading to necrosis of brain tissue. Stroke also encompasses hemorrhagic stroke, with a typical condition being cerebral hemorrhage, which is due to long-term hypertension causing hyaline degeneration of the small arterial walls, eventually leading to necrosis and rupture with bleeding, resulting in neurological deficits.

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Written by Shi De Quan

Neurology

26sec

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Is lacunar infarction considered a stroke?

Lacunar stroke is a type of stroke, mainly characterized by the blockage of small blood vessels, comprising 21 syndromes. There are motor types, sensory types, mixed types, as well as those combined with speech disorders, swallowing disorders, and unstable walking. If it progresses to become severe or worsens, it can also include dementia and significant cognitive impairment, all of which fall under the category of stroke.

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Written by Tang Bo

Neurology

1min 1sec

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The difference between stroke and cerebral infarction

Stroke includes ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Ischemic stroke refers to cerebral infarction, while hemorrhagic stroke refers to cerebral hemorrhage. Symptoms such as limb weakness, slurred speech, or other neurological deficits should initially suggest the possibility of a stroke. Whether it is an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke may be related to the symptoms, but a CT scan is essential. If a CT scan rules out cerebral hemorrhage, then cerebral infarction is more likely. The treatment varies with time; within 4.5 hours, if the conditions for thrombolytic therapy are met and there are no contraindications, and the relatives have signed an informed consent, thrombolytic treatment can be administered. If this time window is exceeded, this opportunity is lost, so it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately upon symptom onset.