Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by infection with the syphilis spirochete. Transmission routes include sexual contact, mother-to-child transmission, close living contact transmission, and blood transmission. Sexual transmission is the main mode of transmission. After infection with syphilis, it can affect various organs throughout the body, causing a variety of symptoms. Syphilis is primarily diagnosed through hematological tests to determine if one is infected. After a diagnosis of syphilis, formal anti-syphilis treatment is needed, with the first choices being long-acting penicillin and benzathine penicillin. After treatment, regular follow-ups are necessary, generally over a three-year period: every three months in the first year, every six months in the second year, and once in the third year, to determine if the condition has improved. (Medication should be used under the guidance of a doctor.)