Do I need a tetanus shot for a cut?

Written by Xing Wen Jun
General Surgery
Updated on January 02, 2025
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For patients with a cut on the epidermis, it is first important to determine what object caused the injury. If the injury is from a rusty iron object and the wound is small and deep, it is mostly considered that the patient needs local treatment. Firstly, the patient should wash the wound repeatedly under running water with soapy water, and then clean and disinfect locally with hydrogen peroxide. After air-drying, apply iodophor for disinfection, and finally cover with sterile dressing or a bandage. It is generally recommended that patients avoid getting the area wet for up to three weeks. Additionally, patients should consider getting a tetanus antitoxin or tetanus immunoglobulin injection within 24 hours. If the injury is from another type of object and the patient has already dressed the wound after local treatment, the likelihood of tetanus infection is generally considered lower. It is recommended that the patient change dressings in a timely manner and keep an eye on it. Moreover, within a month, the patient should avoid alcohol and eat less spicy and irritating foods.

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Written by Li Jin Quan
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Can tetanus be cured?

Tetanus is an infectious disease that can be cured. Generally, tetanus is considered to be caused by the infection of Clostridium tetani, which produces toxins. Clinically, it is mainly characterized by muscle tension and rigidity, such as lockjaw, difficulty opening the mouth, risus sardonicus, stiff neck, and opisthotonos. In severe cases, it can involve the respiratory muscles and diaphragm, causing difficulty breathing, respiratory arrest, and even cardiac arrest. When patients with tetanus receive standardized and systematic hospital treatment, and if there are no severe complications, the vast majority of patients can be cured.

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Does tetanus require a skin test?

After a patient is injured, if the wound is relatively deep, such as reaching the subcutaneous fat or deeper to the muscles, it is generally required to administer a tetanus shot. The most commonly used tetanus remedy in clinical practice is called tetanus antitoxin. Before administering tetanus antitoxin, a skin test must be conducted. This is because if an allergic reaction to tetanus antitoxin occurs, it can lead to anaphylactic shock, characterized by increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, reduced blood oxygen saturation, with severe cases resulting in coma or even death. Therefore, it is clinically required to perform a skin test before administering a tetanus shot to prevent allergic reactions and the occurrence of anaphylactic shock.

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Can you get a tetanus shot when you have a cold?

The patient is in a state of having a cold. During this time, if a part of the body is injured and the wound is deep, there is a possibility of infection by tetanus bacillus, which can cause corresponding clinical symptoms. This is because the deep wound facilitates the growth and reproduction of tetanus bacillus, producing exotoxins, mainly the spasm toxin, which can cause the patient to exhibit symptoms related to tetanus. Therefore, even if the patient has a cold, it is advised to seek timely medical treatment at a hospital for wound disinfection and to receive a tetanus antitoxin injection. Having a cold is not a contraindication for receiving a tetanus shot.

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Can a tetanus shot be administered again?

If a tetanus shot is administered within 24 to 48 hours after injury, it can effectively prevent tetanus. However, if the tetanus shot is given a week or more after the injury, the effectiveness and relevance of the booster are generally not ideal. In such cases, tetanus immunoglobulin can be used for comprehensive antibody therapy to treat and prevent tetanus. Therefore, when the body sustains external injuries or certain infectious foci, it is crucial to promptly administer a tetanus shot intramuscularly, ideally within 24 hours, to effectively stimulate the body to produce the corresponding antibodies for protection.

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Can tetanus in humans be cured?

Tetanus is a curable infectious disease, which is often misunderstood as incurable due to the severity of its symptoms upon infection. Typically, the production of toxins leads to specific infectious manifestations. Clinically, it mainly presents with symptoms of rigidity or muscle spasms and tension, including stiffness in the neck and possibly opisthotonos among other conditions; it may even cause diaphragmatic spasms and respiratory difficulties. Therefore, it is crucial to handle such infections promptly, as timely treatment can lead to a complete cure. Of course, once infected, this disease can also pose a significant threat to life safety, and currently, the clinical mortality rate is relatively high.