How can precocious puberty be treated? Is it reversible?

Written by Quan Xiang Mei
Pediatrics
Updated on September 01, 2024
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Precocious puberty has many causes, including genetic factors, conditions during the mother's pregnancy, or congenital pituitary abnormalities, all of which can lead to the condition. When precocious puberty occurs, it is necessary to conduct diagnostic tests including MRI of the pituitary in the head, bone age assessment, ultrasonography of the gonads, and blood hormone level measurements to determine the appropriate treatment. Mild cases can be managed through a balanced diet, appropriate exercise, and rest. In some cases, oral Chinese medicine can be used if blood hormone levels are not severe enough to require other treatments, to help control the child’s sexual development. In severe cases, such as when a child's bone age is more than one year above their actual age, accompanied by abnormal blood hormone levels and changes in gonadal ultrasound, and significant loss in height, it may be necessary to administer injections of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs to control the level of sexual development. If there is a significant loss in height, it may also be necessary to combine this with growth hormone injections to treat growth.

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Written by Dong Xian Yan
Pediatrics
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What symptoms will appear in the pituitary gland with precocious puberty?

Children with precocious puberty should undergo a pituitary gland examination, which may reveal symptoms in two aspects: 1. Imaging examination such as pituitary MRI, which might uncover tumors in the pituitary gland that could lead to precocious puberty. 2. Hormone level tests, mainly involving the secretion of hormones controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. For example, the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone can cause precocious puberty. Precocious puberty is a relatively common endocrine disorder in children. Generally, it can be diagnosed in girls before the age of eight and in boys before the age of nine if secondary sexual characteristics appear.

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Written by Dong Xian Yan
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Does precocious puberty require growth hormone treatment?

For children with precocious puberty, a small number require combined treatment with growth hormones. For instance, if a child's height growth rate is less than 4cm, it is necessary to add growth hormones to promote growth and development. The second scenario involves using a bone age test; if the height is less than 151cm, growth hormones can also be used in combination for treatment. In the third scenario, if the child's bone age at the time of consultation has already exceeded 11.5 years, has significantly increased, or even if menstruation has started and their height has been clearly affected, it is generally advised to use growth hormones in combination with treatment.

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Will daily skipping improve precocious puberty?

The purpose of daily rope jumping for children with precocious puberty is to impact their height positively, aiming for improvement. The goal of treating precocious puberty is to increase the final adult height. Due to premature sexual development, high levels of estrogen can lead to early closure of the growth plates, resulting in being shorter compared to peers of the same age after growing up. Therefore, to avoid being shorter as an adult, it is recommended in daily life that children engage more in activities that involve jumping, such as rope jumping, which can stimulate the growth plates and contribute to vertical growth in children. Daily rope jumping can, therefore, be beneficial, specifically concerning height improvement.

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Written by Quan Xiang Mei
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Manifestations of precocious puberty in an 11-year-old boy

If an 11-year-old boy exhibits precocious puberty, it typically manifests as increased testicular volume and thickening of the penis, along with the development of pubic and axillary hair. In more severe cases, there may also be the growth of facial hair, voice changes, and the appearance of an Adam's apple, among other signs of male sexual organ development. In cases of very advanced precocious puberty, such as full maturity, nocturnal emissions may also occur. If we consider that an 11-year-old boy is exhibiting early signs of puberty, we can take him to the hospital for bone age and gonadal ultrasound examinations. Based on the initial diagnosis, if sexual development is deemed premature and the symptoms are pronounced, further tests such as blood hormone levels can be conducted. With assistance from diagnostic aids like bone age, gonadal ultrasound, and hormone levels, a doctor can guide appropriate intervention treatments to prevent issues associated with precocious puberty, such as significantly shorter adult stature.

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Can precocious puberty be inherited by children?

Precocious puberty may have a hereditary factor, but it is not very typical. This means that if the parents experienced early puberty or development, their children might also potentially display early signs of puberty or development, but it is not a certainty. Children with precocious puberty typically refer to those who undergo sexual development too early, which can affect their height or their sexual development. This usually impacts their adult height. If parents show signs of early puberty or development, we need to closely monitor the sexual development of their children, observing the development of the nipples in girls and the development of the testicles and penis in boys.