The causes of neurodermatitis may be related to various factors such as neuropsychiatric factors, inappropriate diet, local irritation, gastrointestinal disturbances, and endocrine disorders. Furthermore, scratching and chronic friction may be the main triggers and aggravating factors. During the course of the disease, an itchy-scratch-itchy vicious cycle is prone to form. Therefore, in clinical practice, when treating neurodermatitis, in addition to applying topical medications and oral formulations, we emphasize the avoidance of scratching and other irritations. Providing patients with psychological therapy is essential to break the itchy-scratch-itchy vicious cycle, thus reducing the recurrence of neurodermatitis.