Is tuberculous pericarditis hereditary?

Written by Xiong Hong Hai

Infectious Disease

Updated on September 10, 2024

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Tuberculous pericarditis is an infectious disease, not a hereditary disease. Most cases are due to tuberculosis of the lungs, after which the tuberculosis bacteria enter the bloodstream and cause tuberculous pericarditis in the pericardium. Tuberculous pericarditis is curable. If it is confirmed to be tuberculous pericarditis, it is necessary to start anti-tuberculosis treatment as soon as possible. It may also be necessary to combine some corticosteroids for treatment. With standardized anti-tuberculosis and symptomatic supportive treatment, it can generally be completely cured. Analysis should be tailored to the actual situation.

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Written by Liu Ying

Cardiology

1min 10sec

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How is constrictive pericarditis treated?

We say constrictive pericarditis refers to a disorder of circulatory disturbances caused by the heart being encased in a densely thickened fibrotic or calcified pericardium, which restricts the filling of the ventricles during diastole. Most patients with constrictive pericarditis will progress to chronic constrictive pericarditis. At this point, the only effective treatment method is pericardiectomy, but the perioperative risk is very high. A small portion of patients have short-term or reversible pericardial constriction, so for patients who are recently diagnosed and have stable conditions, it is possible to try anti-inflammatory treatment for 2-3 months unless complications such as cardiac cachexia, cardiogenic cirrhosis, or myocardial atrophy occur. For tuberculous pericarditis, anti-tuberculosis treatment is recommended to delay the progression of pericardial constriction, and post-surgery, anti-tuberculosis treatment should continue for one year.

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Written by Liu Yong

Cardiology

56sec

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Constrictive pericarditis causes hepatomegaly.

The so-called constrictive pericarditis refers to the presence of fibrotic calcifications and fibrotic hyperplasia in the pericardium, which severely affects the diastolic function of the heart. Once the diastolic function of the heart is compromised, the return flow of venous blood becomes severely obstructed, leading to congestion of the liver. Therefore, once congestion of the liver and spleen occurs, enlargement of the liver can occur, and in severe cases, it can lead to systemic edema, including ascites and similar conditions. Thus, the basic principle behind the enlargement of the liver in constrictive pericarditis is as such. Especially in such cases, patients will experience severe dietary problems, including poor appetite and indigestion, which further lead to low protein levels and malnutrition, exacerbating the enlargement of the liver and edema.

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Written by Han Shun Li

Pulmonology

44sec

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What causes constrictive pericarditis?

Constrictive pericarditis refers to the fibrosis or calcification of the pericardium, which restricts the filling of the ventricles during diastole and leads to a series of symptoms. What causes constrictive pericarditis? Generally, constrictive pericarditis is secondary to acute pericarditis. In our country, the most common cause of constrictive pericarditis is tuberculous pericarditis, followed by purulent or traumatic pericarditis. A minority of constrictive pericarditis cases may be associated with tumors of the pericardium, acute nonspecific pericarditis, and radiation-induced pericarditis, among others. Of course, some patients have idiopathic constrictive pericarditis.

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Written by Xiong Hong Hai

Infectious Disease

40sec

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Tuberculous pericarditis differential diagnosis

The differential diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis requires differentiation from other types of pericardial inflammation, such as bacterial pericarditis and nonspecific infections that lead to cellular inflammation of the pericardium. In addition to infections that can cause pericarditis, other infectious diseases such as subacute endocarditis and infections caused by other microbes can also lead to pericarditis. Furthermore, some rheumatic autoimmune diseases can also present with pericarditis. It is necessary to perform pericardiocentesis and fluid examination to determine the specific cause.

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Written by Liu Ying

Cardiology

1min 1sec

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Symptoms of acute pericarditis

Acute pericarditis is an acute inflammatory disease of the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium, with the most common cause being viral infections. The hallmark of acute pericarditis is pain in the precardiac area behind the sternum. The nature of the pain is very sharp, typically occurring during the fibrinous exudation phase of inflammatory changes, caused by friction between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium. The pain can radiate to the neck, left shoulder, and even the upper abdomen. It is associated with respiratory movements and often worsens with coughing, deep breathing, or changing body positions. When fluid exudes into the pericardium, separating the visceral and parietal layers, the patient's pain may decrease or disappear. However, some patients may experience symptoms such as breathing difficulties and edema due to cardiac tamponade.