What is the cause of pericardial effusion with persistent high fever?

Written by Di Zhi Yong
Cardiology
Updated on September 19, 2024
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If the patient presents with pericardial effusion and experiences elevated body temperature, it may indicate the presence of an infection, suggesting that the symptoms are worsening. Currently, the treatment for pericardial effusion primarily involves puncture, fluid extraction, and laboratory analysis. If the pericardial effusion is severe or abundant, fever may occur. Since fever is an indicator of inflammation, it is necessary to use antibiotics for active treatment in order to control this condition. If the body temperature continues to rise, sometimes it is also necessary to use antipyretic drugs to alleviate the symptoms. Persistent high fever indicates that the condition has become very serious, signaling that the infection indices are extremely severe.

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Written by Di Zhi Yong
Cardiology
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Does pericardial effusion hurt?

If a patient has pericardial effusion, they may experience pain in the precordial area, as well as symptoms of chest tightness, breathing difficulties, and palpitations. A small amount of pericardial effusion can be completely absorbed on its own; however, a large amount of pericardial effusion can sometimes lead to breathing difficulties. For treatment, a pericardiocentesis can be performed to examine the fluid, as this condition is very dangerous. In cases of pericardial effusion, I personally suggest undergoing a cardiac echocardiogram or a chest CT scan for a more definitive diagnosis. During this period, it is still important to actively monitor the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse changes. If there is a very high heart rate or other complications, active treatment should be pursued.

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Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
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Is pericardial effusion hereditary?

Pericardial effusion is not hereditary. Pericardial effusion is not a genetic disease, and the causes of pericardial effusion are often acquired factors. For example, tuberculosis infection can cause tuberculous pericarditis, leading to pericardial effusion. Symptoms often include unexplained low-grade fever, cough, and night sweats, with a PPD test often showing a rigid change. Pericardial effusion caused by heart failure often presents with repeated exertional dyspnea, accompanied by limb edema. Cardiac ultrasound often reveals changes in the heart structure, such as cardiac enlargement and reduced cardiac pumping function. Additionally, hypoalbuminemia and tumors can also cause pericardial effusion, but these factors are not related to genetics.

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Written by Di Zhi Yong
Cardiology
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Does pericardial effusion increase or decrease pulse pressure?

In general, if a patient develops pericardial effusion, the pulse pressure difference typically decreases, especially the gap between diastolic and systolic pressures. This is because pericardial effusion can weaken the contractility of the heart chambers, leading to either decreased diastolic pressure or increased systolic pressure, thus reducing the pulse pressure difference. If pericardial effusion is timely addressed and corrected, this condition can improve. Currently, it is recommended that patients actively monitor changes in blood pressure. If there is a history of hypertension, it is necessary to actively use antihypertensive medications to treat and control this condition.

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Written by Xie Zhi Hong
Cardiology
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Causes of recurrent pericardial effusion

Pericardial effusion is generally seen in inflammatory responses, such as nonspecific bacterial infections, as well as tuberculosis, chlamydia, mycoplasma, rheumatic heart disease, and it can also be caused by heart failure, uremia leading to pericardial effusion. Some are caused by tumors. In general, common nonspecific infections and tuberculosis can be quickly controlled with treatment, but in cases of tumors or due to various reasons such as hypoalbuminemia, heart failure, if the cause cannot be eliminated, pericardial effusion can frequently reoccur. Therefore, individuals with recurring pericardial effusion should go to the hospital for an examination to clarify the cause and rule out malignant tumors or other reasons, and receive timely treatment.

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Written by Di Zhi Yong
Cardiology
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Can you exercise with pericardial effusion?

If the patient has pericardial effusion, it is acceptable to encourage them to participate in outdoor activities, but they should exercise moderately and not too vigorously, especially avoiding strenuous physical workouts. Also, aerobic exercises should be moderate, and they should not spend too long on outdoor activities. Decisions should be made based on the individual's condition. If the condition of heart failure is severe, it is advisable for the patient to rest primarily. Particularly in terms of diet, the intake of sodium should be restricted. Sometimes, excessive intake of sodium can exacerbate symptoms like palpitations, chest tightness, and breathing difficulties. These are serious symptoms that require active management and treatment.