Is it dangerous for the umbilical cord to be wrapped around the neck during the mid-stage of pregnancy?

Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
Updated on September 18, 2024
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During a mid-pregnancy ultrasound, it is sometimes indicated by the presence of a U-shaped or W-shaped notch behind the fetus's neck that the fetus may have the umbilical cord wrapped around its neck. During pregnancy, it is perfectly normal for the umbilical cord to wrap around the neck, and it generally does not affect the fetus or pose any danger. The length of the umbilical cord during pregnancy is approximately 30 to 80 centimeters, which is quite long relative to the size of the uterine cavity. Hence, many umbilical cords have excess length that can wrap around the neck or limbs of the fetus, leading to the umbilical cord being coiled around the neck or limbs. However, current research indicates that whether the umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck or limbs once or twice, it does not affect the fetus. It does not cause intrauterine hypoxia or affect the growth and development of the fetus, nor does it influence the mode of delivery. A natural childbirth can still be an entirely viable option.

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Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
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Why doesn't the ultrasound show the umbilical cord around the neck?

Generally, in cases where there is umbilical cord entanglement around the neck, it can be detected through an ultrasound examination. However, if the ultrasound does not show the umbilical cord wrapped around the neck, it is possible that the cord moved back around as the fetus moved during pregnancy. It might also be that the cord is not fully wrapped around the fetus's neck, but rather draped over the shoulder or neck. This situation could also relate to the fetal position, making it undetectable.

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Written by Zhao Su Min
Obstetrics
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How to correct the umbilical cord wrapped around the neck once?

The umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck once, and there is no way to correct it; it cannot be rectified by changing position or through medication. The umbilical cord being wrapped around the neck once can be due to the umbilical cord being relatively long, or the fetus having a large range of movement within the womb. During pregnancy, as the fetal movements change, it might wrap around twice or even three times, although it's also possible that there will be no wrapping of the umbilical cord around the neck by the end. There is no need to panic if the umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck once. Pay attention to fetal movements and attend regular prenatal check-ups. If there is an increase or decrease in fetal movements, it is important to visit the hospital promptly to have an ultrasound, listen to the fetal heartbeat, and check for any signs of fetal hypoxia. If fetal hypoxia is present, oxygen therapy should be administered, and pregnancy termination may be necessary if required.

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Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
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The difference between a V-type and U-type nuchal cord.

When umbilical cord entanglement occurs, ultrasound examination may reveal a U-shaped or V-shaped entanglement. The V-shape and U-shape both indicate that the umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck once. In such cases, there is no need for excessive anxiety. Sometimes the cord may unwind by itself as the fetal position changes, loosening or alleviating the entanglement. It is important to regularly visit the hospital for prenatal check-ups, rest adequately, enhance nutrition, and adopt a left lateral position to improve placental blood supply.

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Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
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Does the umbilical cord wrapping always involve the neck?

Umbilical cord entanglement around the neck usually occurs during the mid-pregnancy period, as this is when the baby moves more frequently. The baby has a larger range of movement within the uterine cavity, which can easily lead to the cord wrapping around the neck, abdomen, legs, or arms. Generally, if there is no cord entanglement found after 32 weeks of pregnancy, it is unlikely that it will occur. However, this is not certain. After the baby engages, which is after 35 weeks, the baby's position becomes fixed, and it is unlikely for cord entanglement to occur thereafter.

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Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
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Umbilical cord around the neck ultrasound manifestations

The impact of umbilical cord entanglement on the fetus is quite significant. If the entanglement is excessive and tight, it can lead to fetal hypoxia. Generally, fetuses with the umbilical cord wrapped around the neck once or draped on the neck do not show clinical symptoms. However, if the entanglement is tight, it can jeopardize fetal health. During an ultrasound examination, echoes can be seen on the fetus's neck where the umbilical cord is wrapped, and distinct pressure marks may appear on the skin. A single wrap around the neck appears as a U-shape, two wraps appear as a W-shape, and three wraps as a serrated shape.