What are the symptoms of pharyngitis and influenza?

Written by Yao Jun
Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
Updated on September 14, 2024
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Pharyngitis influenza mainly involves inflammation of the mucosa or submucosal tissues of the pharynx, generally affecting the lymphatic tissue of the throat, primarily caused by viral or bacterial infections. Clinically, symptoms include dryness and a burning sensation in the throat, a rough feeling, and during severe cases, swallowing pain that may even radiate to the ear. If accompanied by systemic symptoms, such as acute inflammation, the symptoms may vary depending on age, immunity, and the virulence of the virus or bacteria. These symptoms can include fever, headache, decreased appetite, and limb soreness, which are all characteristic of pharyngitis, and during an acute attack, resemble symptoms of influenza.

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What to do if you are afraid of cold with type A influenza?

Patients with Type A influenza who are sensitive to cold often need to pay attention to appropriate warmth. Additionally, monitoring the patient's temperature is necessary, and if the patient has a fever, it is often necessary to use antipyretic medications to control their temperature and alleviate symptoms of chilliness and cold sensitivity. For Type A influenza, it is generally recommended to start antiviral treatment with a neuraminidase inhibitor orally within 48 hours of onset. Antiviral treatment can help shorten the duration of illness and reduce the complications related to Type A influenza. Moreover, in cases of Type A influenza where the patient is sensitive to cold, it is also important to pay attention to a light diet and proper hydration. Avoiding staying up late and excessive physical exertion are non-pharmacological measures that also help with the condition.

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How to get a flu vaccine?

Influenza vaccines are mainly produced to prevent epidemic influenza and are currently available in three main types: Type A, B, and C. The target population for influenza vaccine administration primarily includes the elderly, preschool children, and patients with chronic underlying diseases, who are more suitable for vaccination. For children under three years old, the influenza vaccine should be administered twice, as it is administered via muscle injection and cannot be used intravenously. For this age group, the two doses should be spaced at least four weeks apart. For children over three years old and adults, an annual vaccination is sufficient. The optimal time for influenza vaccination is usually in September and October, as influenza tends to outbreak in winter and spring, so vaccinating during these months can greatly prevent influenza.

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What are the symptoms of flu?

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza virus. What are the symptoms after contracting the flu? Typically, the onset of influenza is quite sudden, and symptoms such as chills, high fever, headache, dizziness, body aches, and fatigue can appear quickly. Generally, the symptoms in the nasopharyngeal area are relatively mild and prolonged, and may include sore throat, runny nose, tearing, coughing, etc. After contracting the flu, it is important to actively cooperate with medical treatment and also to ensure isolation to prevent infecting others.

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Do you need to isolate for the flu?

Influenza can be classified into three types based on the surface membrane proteins and nucleocapsids: type A, type B, and type C. Type A influenza usually causes major outbreaks in populations. Due to frequent genotypic changes in type A influenza, the general population often lacks immunity against it. Generally, influenza is a legally designated class B infectious disease in the country, and it can be transmitted to normal or healthy individuals through droplets, sneezing, or aerosols. Therefore, if an outbreak occurs, isolation measures should be taken, people should avoid crowded public places as much as possible, and maintain ventilation by keeping windows open, to prevent transmission from infected patients or certain animals.

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Can rhinitis be treated with antibiotics?

Influenza can be treated with antibiotics, but there must be appropriate indications and signs for their use. After influenza infection, the human body may experience a decline in immunity due to the virus, especially a decrease in lymphocytes, which makes it particularly susceptible to bacterial infections. These bacteria are likely to cause bacterial inflammation, with the main symptoms being cough, coughing up yellow phlegm, or having a runny nose with yellow nasal discharge. If such yellow or purulent secretions are observed, they generally indicate a bacterial infection, and it is advisable to boldly use some antibiotics for treatment. Antibiotics that are less toxic, have fewer side effects, and have strong antimicrobial activity should be chosen; such antibiotics often yield very satisfactory results.