Does mitral valve cause hemoptysis with lumps?

Written by Di Zhi Yong
Cardiology
Updated on September 26, 2024
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If the patient has a history of mitral stenosis, it is still necessary to actively control the symptoms in treatment. Because mitral stenosis can cause hemoptysis, the amount of blood coughed up depends on individual factors. This condition can cause capillary rupture and bleeding, which may result in the coughing up of blood clots. This situation does not indicate whether there is a tumor, as mitral stenosis is a type of rheumatic heart disease or congenital heart disease. Currently, the treatment primarily focuses on symptomatic relief, actively controlling the heart rate, and managing changes in blood pressure and pulse, which can also improve this condition.

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Written by Xie Zhi Hong
Cardiology
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The cause of thromboembolism in mitral stenosis

The mitral valve is an important part of the left heart system, located between the left ventricle and the left atrium. When the heart is in diastole, the mitral valve opens, allowing blood from the atrium to be transferred into the ventricle. However, when the mitral valve is narrowed, blood from the left atrium cannot flow into the left ventricle in a timely manner. This leads to an increased load on the left atrium. Over time, this can cause severe enlargement of the left atrium and lead to atrial fibrillation, a type of cardiac arrhythmia. Once atrial fibrillation occurs, it can cause thrombosis in the left atrium, particularly in the part called the atrial appendage. If a thrombus forms, it may dislodge during the heart's contractions, potentially causing systemic embolism with serious consequences, including paralysis or even sudden death.

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Written by Xie Zhi Hong
Cardiology
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Mitral stenosis which ventricle hypertrophy

Patients with mitral stenosis need to pass the blood from the atrium to the heart through the mitral valve during cardiac diastole. The narrowing condition in patients with mitral stenosis leads to an accelerated and prolonged flow of blood from the atrium to the ventricle. As a result, atrial pressure increases, and this heightened atrial pressure can cause pulmonary congestion. In severe cases, it leads to pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary hypertension, in turn, can cause enlargement of the right ventricle and tricuspid regurgitation, which can lead to the patient exhibiting cyanosis. Therefore, in patients with mitral stenosis, the atrium gradually enlarges in the early stages, and later stages may present with right ventricular hypertrophy.

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Written by Di Zhi Yong
Cardiology
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Why does mitral stenosis cause thromboembolism?

Due to mitral stenosis, thrombus formation can sometimes occur, especially when ischemic cerebrovascular diseases lead to cerebral infarction. This is because mitral stenosis can cause emboli to dislodge and travel through the bloodstream to reach the cerebral arteries or veins, leading to thrombus formation. During this period, anticoagulant medications are sometimes used for treatment. If a patient has a history of mitral stenosis, it is necessary to actively use medications for treatment. During this time, it is also important to monitor changes in the patient’s heart rate, blood pressure, and pulse to control the ventricular rate. Currently, treatment is primarily symptomatic, aimed at improving cardiac function.

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Written by Xie Zhi Hong
Cardiology
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Why is there a murmur during diastole in mitral stenosis?

The mitral valve is a one-way piston valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. Generally, once the ventricle completes a contraction and ejects blood, it immediately begins to relax, at which time the mitral valve opens to allow blood from the atrium into the left ventricle. When the mitral valve is severely narrowed, the blood from the atrium cannot pass through the mitral valve into the left ventricle in a timely manner. At this time, the blood flow speed at the mitral orifice increases, forming turbulence, which results in the appearance of diastolic murmurs.

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Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
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Can mild regurgitation of the heart's mitral and tricuspid valves be repaired?

Mild regurgitation of the heart's mitral and tricuspid valves is a very common phenomenon clinically. This mild regurgitation will not disappear nor can it be repaired. However, from a medical perspective, this mild regurgitation is a normal physiological phenomenon; it does not cause symptoms, does not affect health, and does not require treatment. Naturally, there is also no need to consider repairs. In daily life, it is important to maintain good habits, abstain from smoking and alcohol, engage in regular exercise, and have periodic health checks including blood pressure monitoring and blood tests for lipids and glucose. Early identification and proactive intervention in cases of high blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar can effectively prevent worsening of this regurgitation.