What should I do if I have a rib fracture?

Written by Guan Jing Tao
Orthopedics
Updated on September 22, 2024
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If it is a single, isolated rib fracture, and a chest CT scan shows no significant pleural effusion or obvious damage to the lungs and other thoracic organs, bed rest and wearing a chest brace for protection are recommended. A follow-up X-ray should be taken one and a half months later. If significant callus formation is observed at that time, attempts can be made to sit up and engage in weight-bearing activities. In this case, the recovery period should be at least three months. After three months, another X-ray should be taken; if further growth of the callus is observed, the chest brace can be removed, and normal daily activities can resume, but it is important to avoid heavy lifting to prevent exacerbating local pain. If multiple, severe rib fractures are present, accompanied by significant displacement and damage to the thoracic organs and tissues, hospitalization and possibly surgery are required.

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Written by Li Jin
Orthopedics
1min 8sec home-news-image

How to care for a rib fracture

After a rib fracture, it is recommended to adhere to the following aspects in terms of care. Firstly, after a rib fracture, a chest bandage can be used to protect and stabilize the area, which generally requires about four to six weeks. Secondly, in terms of diet, it is important to enhance nutrition. Consume foods rich in high-quality proteins, calcium, and vitamins. These foods aid in recovery by providing nutrients and energy, helping to promote the healing of fractures. Additionally, symptomatic medication treatment, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory painkillers and traditional Chinese medicine that invigorates blood circulation and removes blood stasis, can be used to facilitate recovery. During the recovery period of the fracture, it is advised to start rehabilitation exercises as soon as possible and encourage activities such as coughing and expectorating to prevent complications such as dependent pneumonia and atelectasis. (Please consult a professional physician for specific medication usage and avoid self-medication.)

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Written by Li Jin
Orthopedics
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How long does the pain from a rib fracture last?

Pain generally persists for about three days after a rib fracture, as the first three days post-fracture are the acute phase of the condition, during which pain is relatively severe. This pain will gradually subside as the condition improves, typically fading substantially within one to two weeks. If pain occurs after a rib fracture, it can be alleviated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic drugs, which can be taken short-term after meals. Additionally, it is important to rest after a rib fracture and avoid irritating the fracture site to effectively reduce pain. During the recovery period, some traditional Chinese medicines that invigorate blood circulation and dissipate blood stasis can also be used to promote healing. These measures are generally helpful in the recovery from a rib fracture.

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Written by Wang Cheng Lin
Orthopedics
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Hazards of Rib Fractures

The most severe case of rib fracture is what we call the occurrence of pneumothorax. Pneumothorax is caused by the puncture of the pleural cavity due to the fractured end, resulting in pneumothorax or hemothorax compressing the lung tissue, causing severe systemic respiratory and circulatory disorders. Severe pneumothorax can directly endanger life; this is the most serious harm of rib fractures. However, generally speaking, it is rare for a rib fracture to result in severe pneumothorax; most cases involve only a small amount of effusion or a small amount of air accumulation. Thus, generally, the harm from rib fractures is not very significant; the most severe harm is causing severe pneumothorax, affecting the overall respiratory and circulatory functions, and endangering life.

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Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
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Complications of rib fractures

Rib fracture complications. Structurally, each rib is located above the intercostal arteries, veins, and nerves. Therefore, the most critical issue with rib fractures is that they can cause severe pain for the patient. Thus, the main complication of a rib fracture is pain. This pain persists 24 hours a day, especially when the patient takes deep breaths, coughs, or turns over while sleeping during the night, which can awaken them due to the severe pain. Additionally, because of this pain, the patient is unable to cough effectively. Therefore, a large amount of phlegm, especially in smokers, accumulates in the lungs, leading to complications such as lung infections and pneumonia. Besides pain, another complication of rib fractures is the potential puncture of intercostal arteries or veins, which can cause hemothorax. This condition can result in a significant accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, and a severe hemothorax can be life-threatening, especially a progressing hemothorax. Therefore, for patients with fractures of three or more ribs, it is recommended, according to the 2017 US guidelines for the treatment of internal fractures and the 2018 consensus from Chinese experts on internal fracture treatment, to actively proceed with surgical interventions. Studies have found that active surgical intervention for fractures of more than three ribs can significantly reduce the patient's pain, shorten hospital stays, and improve quality of life. In summary, the main complications of rib fractures include pneumothorax, hemothorax, pain, and resultant lung infections and pneumonia. These complications are crucial in the treatment of rib fractures and need to be actively addressed.

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Written by Li Jie
Orthopedics
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How long does a rib fracture hurt?

Rib fractures are indeed quite painful because there are abundant intercostal nerves around the rib cage. Once a fracture occurs, if it is not effectively immobilized and treated promptly, the pain is very noticeable. If treated effectively, such as applying external fixation with a rib belt or chest band, and addressing any pneumothorax or hemothorax with targeted treatments, along with using medications that activate blood circulation, reduce swelling, and relieve pain, proactive treatment can usually significantly alleviate the pain of rib fractures within about a week. Typically, by around two weeks, the pain can essentially disappear. However, if not treated actively, the duration of pain may significantly increase.