Can a pulmonary embolism be detected by a CT scan?

Written by Wei Shi Liang
Intensive Care Unit
Updated on September 24, 2024
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CT can detect acute pulmonary embolism, using CT angiography, which is the preferred imaging method for diagnosing pulmonary embolisms. It mainly shows central filling defects, as well as eccentric and abdominal wall filling defects, and complete filling defects. A diagnosis of pulmonary embolism can be made through the visualization of these filling defects on a CT scan. Additionally, some indirect signs, such as pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular enlargement, and the common mosaic sign, can also be observed. These are characteristic CT manifestations of acute pulmonary embolism.

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Written by Wang Chun Mei
Pulmonology
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Is there a lot of phlegm in pulmonary embolism?

Pulmonary embolism is a relatively common acute disease in clinical practice. It usually occurs when blood clots from the veins in the legs or pelvis detach, travel through the bloodstream to the pulmonary arteries, and cause an embolism. The onset of this disease is often very sudden. Due to different triggers, the clinical symptoms vary. Typical symptoms of pulmonary embolism include difficulty breathing, chest pain, coughing up blood, and coughing. Coughs are often dry, and patients may also have a small amount of white sputum. Some patients might even experience wheezing and other clinical symptoms. Therefore, the occurrence of excessive sputum is rare in patients with pulmonary embolism.

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Written by Wei Shi Liang
Intensive Care Unit
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Is pulmonary embolism related to pneumonia?

If unexplained shortness of breath, pleuritic chest pain, tachycardia, and decreased oxygen saturation occur, one should be highly vigilant about pulmonary embolism. Generally, pulmonary embolism has no direct relationship with pneumonia. High-risk factors for pulmonary embolism include obesity, prolonged immobilization, stroke, congestive heart failure, malignant tumor, inflammatory bowel disease, lower limb fracture, anesthesia time exceeding 30 minutes, and acquired or genetic hypercoagulable state. It usually manifests as difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, and pleuritic chest pain.

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Written by Yuan Qing
Pulmonology
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Why should one lie flat for acute pulmonary embolism?

When acute pulmonary embolism occurs, it is primarily due to a thrombus from the venous system being carried by the venous blood flow back to the right heart, and then due to the ejection from the right heart, this thrombus gets lodged in the pulmonary artery, forming a pulmonary embolism. After the onset of pulmonary embolism, the primary treatment measure is to have the patient lie down and remain still. The reason is mainly that if the patient is standing or moving, it is very likely that the thrombus in the venous system could continue to detach and move within the venous system. This can worsen the symptoms of pulmonary embolism or lead to new embolic sites, so the treatment for the patient involves immobilization and lying down to avoid further movement, making this the most basic approach to treatment.

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Written by Yuan Qing
Pulmonology
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Can acute pulmonary embolism be cured by anticoagulation?

Anticoagulation has a partial curative effect on acute pulmonary embolism. Based on the area of the embolism and the patient's vital signs, it is classified into mild, moderate, and severe pulmonary embolism. If it is a mild to moderate pulmonary embolism, anticoagulation can completely cure it, because anticoagulation can help the body's fibrinolytic system remove the blood clots that have already formed, and it can also prevent new clots from forming. However, in cases of severe pulmonary embolism, especially when the patient presents unstable vital signs and is in life-threatening condition, it is not advisable to rely solely on anticoagulant therapy. This is because the effect of anticoagulant treatment is relatively slow, and it requires a certain amount of time for the body's immune and fibrinolytic systems to clear the embolism. Therefore, at such times, thrombolytic treatment is recommended. Of course, this requires an experienced physician to assess the patient's vital signs and overall condition.

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Written by Wang Chun Mei
Pulmonology
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Will acute pulmonary embolism get better in two days?

Acute pulmonary embolism is a type of disease with very many and complex inducing factors. Clinically, acute pulmonary embolism has a very sudden onset, and patients often present with unexplained symptoms such as pale complexion, chest tightness, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. During the acute phase of pulmonary embolism, immediate and effective anti-shock and other symptomatic resuscitation are essential upon arrival at the hospital. Generally, after timely and effective resuscitation, the patient's condition may be somewhat controlled. Usually, the first 1-3 days after the onset of pulmonary embolism are the most dangerous; therefore, continuous monitoring of the patient's vital signs is crucial during this time, followed by anti-shock and anticoagulation treatment as needed. Therefore, acute pulmonary embolism will not improve by the second day, although some of the patient's clinical symptoms may slightly improve after treatment.