What should I do about vomiting in nephrotic syndrome?

Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
Updated on June 29, 2025
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Patients with nephrotic syndrome experience significant urinary protein, which actually indicates glomerular lesions. If the patient does not have severe renal failure, such symptoms often do not lead to vomiting. If vomiting occurs, it is necessary to identify the cause, whether there is widespread edema, including gastrointestinal edema leading to vomiting, or if there is severe renal failure, even acute renal failure. In these cases, the patient's vomiting may be related to the nephrotic condition. Additionally, some medications used to treat nephrotic syndrome might cause vomiting and should be discontinued. If the vomiting is related to renal conditions, it is crucial to actively treat the primary disease and control nephrotic syndrome. However, if none of the above reasons are applicable, there might be an issue with the gastrointestinal tract itself, requiring consultation in gastroenterology, possibly needing a gastroscopy, and the use of medications to suppress stomach acid and promote gastrointestinal motility. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
57sec home-news-image

Is nephrotic syndrome hereditary?

Nephrotic syndrome is generally not hereditary. It refers to a group of clinical symptoms and manifestations. The fundamental issue in patients is the damage to the glomerular capillaries, which leads to significant proteinuria, subsequently causing edema, hyperlipidemia, and hypoalbuminemia in the plasma. The causes of this disease are classified into primary and secondary types. Primary nephrotic syndrome is related to immune system dysfunction and may involve multiple genes; therefore, the disease is not considered a clear hereditary disease, but the likelihood of offspring developing renal issues may be higher than in the general population. Secondary nephrotic syndrome is mostly related to factors such as hepatitis B infection, allergies, diabetes, etc., and these diseases are not hereditary either.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Why does nephrotic syndrome cause sleepiness?

Excessive sleepiness is not a common clinical manifestation of nephrotic syndrome; generally, patients with nephrotic syndrome rarely exhibit excessive sleepiness. If a patient does display sleepiness, it is necessary to investigate the causes, such as a reduction in blood volume and decreased blood pressure caused by nephrotic syndrome, leading to insufficient cerebral blood supply. Furthermore, in cases of nephrotic syndrome, the patient’s immune capacity decreases, making them more susceptible to various infections, such as infections of the upper respiratory tract and lungs. When inflamed, patients are also likely to feel excessively sleepy. In some patients, there is a risk of cerebral infarction, which can also cause sleepiness.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Nephrology
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How should you eat with nephrotic syndrome?

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by urine protein greater than 3.5 grams, serum albumin less than 30, the presence of edema, and hyperlipidemia. Patients matching these criteria can be diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. From its diagnosis, we can see that such patients have a high amount of urine protein and relatively low blood protein. For these patients, it is necessary to control their protein intake, generally suitable at 0.6-0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. Due to hypoalbuminemia, as the liver synthesizes protein, it also leads to an increase in blood lipids. Therefore, patients with nephrotic syndrome need to follow a low-fat diet to avoid further elevation of blood lipids. Additionally, as patients with nephrotic syndrome generally have edema, it is necessary to restrict sodium intake to prevent sodium and water retention, further aggravating the edema.

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Written by Li Liu Sheng
Nephrology
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What should I do about the high fever caused by nephrotic syndrome?

Patients with nephrotic syndrome, due to long-term use of steroids, have particularly weak resistance and are prone to various infections. High fever is a common symptom in patients with nephrotic syndrome after an infection. Once a high fever due to infection occurs in nephrotic syndrome, it must be taken seriously because infections are often a significant trigger for the relapse or worsening of the condition. Once the condition worsens, patients often experience heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and declining kidney function. Therefore, it is crucial to go to the hospital in a timely manner after the onset of high fever for medical treatment, and to conduct routine blood and urine tests, kidney function tests, and chest X-rays to determine the cause of the patient's high fever, whether it is a viral or bacterial infection. Besides, it is important to drink plenty of water, urinate frequently, rest in bed, reduce outdoor activities, and avoid fatigue. If a viral infection causes the fever, antiviral medications that clear heat and detoxify should be used. If a bacterial infection causes the fever, sensitive antibiotics should be used for symptomatic treatment. (Medications should be used under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Causes of edema in nephrotic syndrome

Edema is a diagnostic criterion for nephrotic syndrome, as well as a major clinical symptom and characteristic of the syndrome. There are several reasons why patients develop edema. First, a large amount of protein leaks out from the kidneys, causing a decrease in the concentration of plasma albumin and a decrease in the colloid osmotic pressure in the plasma, which makes it easy for water to move from inside the blood vessels to outside, causing edema. Second, patients with nephrotic syndrome have increased vascular permeability, which also makes it easy for water to enter the interstitial tissues. Among patients with nephrotic syndrome, some are prone to acute renal failure, which further decreases the kidney's ability to excrete water, and these factors together lead to the common occurrence of edema in patients.