What to do with mild pulmonary hypertension?

Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
Updated on September 21, 2024
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Pulmonary artery hypertension is a relatively common disease in daily life. Based on the different pulmonary artery pressures, it can be divided into mild, moderate, and severe pulmonary artery hypertension. When the right heart catheter measures pulmonary artery pressure between 30 to 50 mmHg, this situation often belongs to mild pulmonary artery hypertension. So, what should one do if diagnosed with mild pulmonary artery hypertension? Generally, mild pulmonary artery hypertension is not serious and usually does not cause noticeable symptoms, so no special treatment is needed. However, having mild pulmonary artery hypertension does not mean it can be taken lightly. It is important to undergo regular examinations under the guidance of a doctor, identify the cause of the increased pulmonary artery pressure, and treat the symptoms timely.

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Does pulmonary hypertension require hospitalization?

Pulmonary hypertension is a very complex group of diseases. Due to different factors causing pulmonary hypertension, there are also different treatment plans for managing it. Many cases of pulmonary hypertension are quite severe at onset. To significantly enhance the patient's quality of life and ensure the stability of the condition, hospitalization is usually required for treatment. The medications used during the discharge period may vary, and some patients might need surgical intervention to alleviate some of the clinical symptoms caused by the disease. Therefore, for patients with pulmonary hypertension, if the onset is mild, symptomatic treatment through medications can be pursued. However, if the onset is sudden and severe, hospital treatment becomes necessary.

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Can pulmonary hypertension cause coughing?

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a commonly seen clinical condition with complex causes, which may arise from various cardiac, pulmonary, and pulmonary vascular diseases. When pulmonary arterial hypertension occurs, due to increased resistance in the pulmonary circulation, the load on the right heart will increase, eventually leading to right heart failure, thus causing a series of clinical manifestations. In the early stages, pulmonary arterial hypertension may not present with obvious symptoms, and discomfort may be felt during intense exercise, with most patients showing shortness of breath after activity. During the compensatory period of pulmonary heart function, symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue, and decreased endurance may occur during activities, and acute infections can also exacerbate these conditions, potentially causing mild chest pain or hemoptysis. Some patients may exhibit signs of heart dysfunction, like coughing and expectorating phlegm.

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Pulmonary hypertension vomiting, what's the matter?

In the early stages, arterial hypertension may present no symptoms. However, when it reaches a certain severity, it can lead to difficulties in breathing, tightness in the chest, and may cause edema in the gastrointestinal tract, facial swelling, and fluid accumulation in the abdominal and thoracic cavities. When gastrointestinal edema becomes severe, patients may experience nausea, vomiting, and a significant loss of appetite. Thus, these are symptoms of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Some cases of vomiting occur because patients consume high-fat foods that are not absorbed in a timely manner, leading to gastrointestinal bloating which causes nausea and vomiting. Additionally, some cases involve patients who use diuretics to reduce swelling; they often experience vomiting due to electrolyte imbalances, such as low sodium and low potassium levels.

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Pulmonary hypertension is seen in what disease?

Pulmonary arterial hypertension can be seen in various diseases. The first major category is arterial pulmonary hypertension. Patients may have idiopathic arterial pulmonary hypertension, familial pulmonary hypertension, and arterial pulmonary hypertension caused by related diseases. Such as collagen vascular disease, portal hypertension, HIV infection, drug or toxin-induced thyroid dysfunction, myeloproliferative disorders, splenectomy, and hemoglobinopathies can also lead to arterial pulmonary hypertension. Venous pulmonary hypertension is mostly associated with left heart system diseases, such as left atrial and left ventricular heart diseases, left heart valvular diseases. Conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease, and sleep apnea related to hypotension also lead to pulmonary hypertension. Another category is chronic thrombotic or thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. For instance, proximal or distal pulmonary artery thromboembolism, parts such as tumors, parasites, and foreign objects can also cause pulmonary embolism, thereby causing thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

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Early symptoms of pulmonary arterial hypertension

It depends on what disease causes pulmonary hypertension. There are several common causes of pulmonary hypertension, one of which is a pathological change in the pulmonary artery itself. Early on, there may be signs of mild increases in pulmonary artery pressure, possibly accompanied by slight right heart dysfunction. At this stage, symptoms such as mild hypotension and hypoxia might occur, manifesting as dizziness and fatigue. If the pulmonary hypertension is due to a disease of the lungs themselves, such as changes in the lung interstitium, then early symptoms of hypoxia will be more apparent, with chest tightness, slight breathing difficulties, and feelings of suffocation. If pulmonary hypertension is caused by conditions such as pulmonary embolism—specifically, an embolism in a smaller branch—the increase in pulmonary artery pressure may not be significant and will also be mild. This may be accompanied by a slight drop in blood pressure and mild breathing difficulties; however, because it is mild pulmonary hypertension, these symptoms are not severe and might include slight respiratory difficulty, mild chest tightness, shortness of breath, and mild dizziness. Therefore, early symptoms of pulmonary hypertension are typically not pronounced and generally do not attract special attention from patients.