What is dilated cardiomyopathy?

Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
Updated on September 23, 2024
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Dilated cardiomyopathy is a relatively common disease in our daily lives. So, what is dilated cardiomyopathy? It refers to a disease characterized primarily by an enlarged heart and a severe reduction in the heart's pumping function. The cause of dilated cardiomyopathy is often unclear. Its clinical symptoms typically present as symptoms of heart failure, such as exertional dyspnea, or severe orthopnea and profuse sweating. Additionally, arrhythmias are also a common manifestation of dilated cardiomyopathy, such as atrial fibrillation, frequent premature ventricular contractions, and ventricular tachycardia. If diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy, it is essential to visit the department of cardiology at a hospital for specialized treatment and to take medication as prescribed. (The use of medication should be under the guidance of a professional doctor.)

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Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
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Do you need to take medication for a long time for dilated cardiomyopathy?

Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy need long-term or even lifelong medication because dilated cardiomyopathy is an incurable disease that requires medication to properly control the onset of heart failure symptoms. The symptoms of heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy can easily recur, leading to repeated hospitalizations, often related to the patient's irregular medication use or arbitrary discontinuation of medication. Therefore, patients with dilated cardiomyopathy must take medication under a doctor's guidance for long periods, such as using diuretics and medication like sustained-release metoprolol, etc. At the same time, it is important to maintain good living habits, a low-salt diet, a good emotional state, and conduct moderate exercise under stable conditions.

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Written by Zhang Yue Mei
Cardiology
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What department should I register for cardiomyopathy?

Myocardial disease is a common and frequently occurring disease in clinical practice, caused by various reasons leading to pathological changes in the myocardium. Common causes include viral infections, immune system disorders, and other factors, which can lead to degeneration, necrosis, fibrosis, and interstitial edema of the myocardium. This can cause heart failure, arrhythmias, and in severe cases, even death. Therefore, early diagnosis and timely treatment can save patients' lives and alleviate their suffering. It is necessary to consult with a psychiatrist, undergo relevant examinations under the guidance of a psychiatrist, make a clear diagnosis, and actively treat and rescue the patients.

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Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
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Do you have to take medication for life for dilated cardiomyopathy?

Dilated cardiomyopathy refers to a disease characterized by an enlarged heart, especially significant enlargement of the left ventricle, along with a severe reduction in the heart's ejection fraction. Those diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy generally require long-term, and possibly lifelong, medication management. This includes diuretic medications such as furosemide or spironolactone, and β-blocker agents such as metoprolol or bisoprolol. These medications can effectively improve symptoms of heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy, enhance quality of life, and even extend lifespan. Therefore, it is crucial for patients with dilated cardiomyopathy to take medications as prescribed by a doctor and not to discontinue them arbitrarily.

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Written by Li Hai Wen
Cardiology
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The difference between dilated cardiomyopathy and restrictive cardiomyopathy

The differences between dilated cardiomyopathy and restrictive cardiomyopathy mainly consist of the following two aspects: First, the anatomical differences: dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by an enlargement of the heart, especially the left ventricle. Whereas restrictive cardiomyopathy is characterized by anatomical features such as narrowed or reduced heart cavities and limited ventricular filling. Second, the differences in symptoms: the symptoms of dilated cardiomyopathy are mainly characterized by those of left heart failure, such as exertional dyspnea, nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea, and orthopnea. The main symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopathy, however, are manifestations of right heart failure, which commonly include nausea, abdominal distension, and peripheral edema.

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Written by Liu Ying
Cardiology
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Can dilated cardiomyopathy be inherited?

We say that dilated cardiomyopathy is a type of cardiomyopathy characterized by enlargement of the left ventricle or both ventricles, accompanied by systolic dysfunction. Some cases of dilated cardiomyopathy are familial, with the main inheritance patterns being autosomal dominant, X-linked recessive, and more rarely, mitochondrial inheritance. The cause of most dilated cardiomyopathies is unclear, but potential causes include infections, non-infectious inflammation, endocrine metabolic disorders, genetics, psychological trauma, and poisoning, including alcohol poisoning. Alcoholism is a common cause of dilated cardiomyopathy in China. Clinically, dilated cardiomyopathy presents with cardiac enlargement, heart failure, arrhythmias, thromboembolism, and sudden death.