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Leukemia
How is acute leukemia chemotherapeutically treated?
Acute leukemia is first divided into two main categories: one is acute myeloid leukemia, and the other is acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The chemotherapy regimens for these two types are different. Among them, acute myeloid leukemia is further divided into eight types from M0 to M7, among which type M3 can be treated with oral targeted chemotherapy drugs, while other types of acute myeloid leukemia require chemotherapy for treatment. The other main category is acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which also requires chemotherapy for treatment.
Is bleeding when brushing teeth leukemia?
Bleeding during brushing is not necessarily leukemia; it could also be due to gingivitis or periodontitis. Bleeding can occur around the teeth where there are irritants like soft plaque or dental plaque. These irritants chronically stimulate the gingival tissues, causing them to be in a congested state. A stimulus, such as brushing, can then lead to bleeding of the gums. This condition is a common early sign of gingivitis or periodontitis. After dental cleaning to remove these irritants, followed by rinsing and medicating the area around the gums, the condition of gingivitis can be improved. Therefore, if bleeding during brushing can be improved through dental cleaning and medication, it indicates that the bleeding is simply caused by gingivitis or periodontitis, and not leukemia.
What is leukemia?
Leukemia is a malignant tumor of the hematopoietic system that originates from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. It involves leukemia cells that have proliferative and survival advantages, proliferating and accumulating uncontrollably in the body, gradually replacing normal hematopoiesis to form pathological hematopoiesis. Furthermore, it invades other organs and systems, leading to symptoms such as anemia, bleeding, and infections, which eventually cause death. The incidence of leukemia is 4.8/100000-7.1/100000 in males and 3.2/100000-4.6/100000 in females, with significant variations in incidence, mortality rates, and distribution among different types of leukemia and various regions and ethnic groups. Early on, it was recognized that leukemia is not an inflammation, and the views that leukemia is caused by a lack of certain substances have been proven incorrect. Currently, it is understood that the causative factors of leukemia are related to infections, radiation, chemical agents, lifestyle, and genetics.
Is bleeding gums leukemia?
Gum bleeding is not necessarily leukemia; it could also be gingivitis, periodontitis, or other diseases of the hematopoietic system. Gum bleeding is a common clinical symptom of gingivitis, caused by irritants like dental plaque and tartar around the teeth, keeping the gum tissue in a congested state. If persistent, this can lead to gum bleeding. This condition can be improved by dental cleaning, followed by medicated rinses around the teeth. If the situation does not improve, it may be due to periapical abscess caused by periapical inflammation of the tooth, which can also result in gum bleeding. In this case, root canal treatment is required, and once the inflammation in the root canal is controlled, the gum bleeding may alleviate on its own. If neither of these treatments is effective, it could be due to an underlying hematopoietic system disease, which would require further examination.