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Xu Jun Hui
General Surgery
About me
PhD graduate from the School of Medicine, Wuhan University, main physician, with many years of experience working in a top-tier hospital's general surgery department.
Proficient in diseases
Diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer, cholelithiasis, portal hypertension, breast hyperplasia, breast cancer, thyroid adenoma, gastrointestinal tumors.
Voices
Hemorrhoids with bloody stools belong to what type of hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids are divided into internal and external hemorrhoids. Bleeding from hemorrhoids generally belongs to internal hemorrhoids or develops into mixed hemorrhoids. Therefore, hemorrhoidal bleeding is due to internal hemorrhoids or mixed hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are classified into four degrees: First-degree hemorrhoids do not prolapse. Second-degree hemorrhoids prolapse during defecation when abdominal pressure increases but can retract spontaneously afterward. Third-degree hemorrhoids involve prolapse of the hemorrhoidal tissue that requires manual replacement. Fourth-degree hemorrhoids are incarcerated and cannot be retracted. The treatment of hemorrhoidal bleeding depends on the amount and nature of the bleeding. If it is a small amount of bleeding, conservative treatment is generally sufficient, and the bleeding symptoms will disappear. If the bleeding is significant and persistent, failure to promptly address and surgically treat it may lead to chronic anemia and iron deficiency anemia.
The difference between rectal prolapse and rectal prolapse.
Rectal prolapse, also known as rectal prolapse, is characterized by partial prolapse of the rectal mucosa in the early stages and full-length prolapse of the rectum in the later stages. Early rectal prolapse is generally accompanied by a feeling of incomplete bowel movements, urgency followed by a feeling of incomplete relief, and perianal contact, with secretions leading to perianal eczema, itching, and infection in the later stages. If the prolapse cannot be reduced, entrapment can occur, causing pain. The initial treatment for rectal prolapse is to ensure smooth bowel movements and reduce factors that increase abdominal pressure to avoid causing the rectal mucosa to protrude outward. Severe rectal prolapse may require surgical treatment.
What is the function of a tetanus shot?
A tetanus shot is used to prevent infection by the tetanus bacillus, because certain wounds, such as those that are deep and small or heavily contaminated, are susceptible to colonization by the tetanus bacillus. This bacterium thrives in anaerobic conditions. It typically enters the body through the skin or mucous membranes and produces toxins that cause muscle spasms, a specific type of infection. This often leads to symptoms like lockjaw, spontaneous spasms, and compulsory spasms, commonly affecting the jaw muscles, abdominal muscles, and limbs, and can be life-threatening. Therefore, for wounds that are heavily contaminated, deep, and small, it is essential to administer anti-tetanus treatment.
How long to fast for intestinal obstruction
Intestinal obstruction and the barrier to the passage of intestinal contents can lead to intestinal obstruction, typically characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, cessation of passing gas and stools, and in cases of high intestinal obstruction, it may also involve nausea and vomiting. How long fasting should be continued in the case of intestinal obstruction depends on whether the patient has resumed passing gas and stools, as well as whether symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting have subsided. If the patient's abdominal pain and bloating have mostly subsided, passing gas and stools have resumed, and there is no bloody stool or symptoms of nausea and vomiting, then a gradual reintroduction of a liquid diet can be started. If abdominal pain and bloating do not worsen, and there is passing gas and stools, then a transition to a semi-liquid diet until a normal diet is resumed can be made. Therefore, the duration of fasting for intestinal obstruction should be determined based on the effectiveness of the treatment for the obstruction.
Do hemorrhoids bleed and hurt?
Simple hemorrhoids bleeding generally has no pain symptoms. Pain only occurs when the hemorrhoids are inflamed or when there is prolapsed or thrombosed external hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are caused by the tortuous dilation of hemorrhoidal venous plexus. Some patients have symptoms of hemorrhoidal prolapse, some have rectal bleeding with fresh blood that is separate from the stool, and a few have both prolapse and bleeding. If the prolapse of hemorrhoids is severe, or if there is a significant amount of bleeding, surgical treatment is recommended. If the bleeding is minor and the hemorrhoids are not severe, conservative treatment can be implemented, including topical medication and maintaining smooth bowel movements. It is advised to avoid alcohol, spicy and irritating foods, and to keep the perianal area clean and hygienic.
Can hemorrhoid suppositories be used for hemorrhoid bleeding?
For hemorrhoid bleeding, if the bleeding is not severe, external hemorrhoid suppositories can be used to compress and stop the bleeding, which can be quite effective. If the hemorrhoid bleeding is heavy and prolonged and the suppository is not effective, hospitalization is required. Intravenous hemostatic drugs or oral hemostatics should be administered, with local gauze compression, and surgery should be performed as soon as possible to definitively stop the bleeding. If the bleeding is due to oral anticoagulants, it may be necessary to consider discontinuing these medications, providing symptomatic support treatment for hemostasis, and surgical treatment if necessary.
Is it useful to use corn plasters for warts?
Using corn plasters for cuticles is not very effective and is not recommended. Corn plasters are a treatment method for corns because cuticles, also known as hangnails, generally result from abnormal growth in the nail groove, nail biting, improper nail trimming, or excessive friction. It is generally advised that if the nail grows a cuticle, it is best to trim it short and avoid biting the cuticle to prevent scarring and infection. Regular application of moisturizer is recommended, and one should not pick, pull, or twist the cuticle. Developing a habit of skincare and protecting the stratum corneum is encouraged.
The difference between pleurisy and peritonitis
Peritonitis generally refers to a severe disease caused by bacterial infection, chemical irritation, or injury, most of which are secondary peritonitis originating from infections and necrosis of abdominal organs, perforations, trauma, etc. The main symptoms include abdominal pain, tense abdominal muscles, tenderness, and board-like abdomen. Pleurisy generally refers to the inflammation of the pleura caused by pathogenic microorganisms, also known as pleuritis, which can be accompanied by pleural effusion. Pleurisy is commonly caused by tuberculosis. Generally, the symptoms of peritonitis are more severe than those of pleurisy. Both pleurisy and peritonitis require active, timely, and regular treatment.
How to alleviate hemorrhoidal bleeding
For hemorrhoid bleeding, it is first necessary to determine the degree of bleeding. If it is mild hemorrhoid bleeding, it can generally be managed with the use of hemorrhoid suppositories to compress and stop the bleeding. If the bleeding is more severe, oral hemostatic medications can be taken. If relief is still not achieved, it is recommended to seek treatment at the hospital's colorectal surgery or gastroenterological surgery departments. If hemorrhoid-induced bleeding occurs frequently and with a large amount each time, it is advisable to consider hemorrhoid surgery as soon as possible. Hemorrhoid bleeding is caused by the tortuous dilation of the inferior rectal venous plexus, which can be injured and cause bleeding either in cases of hard stools or when hemorrhoid symptoms are severe. In the operating room, the diseased vessels need to be removed to fundamentally resolve the cause of the bleeding.
Is a corn the same as a callus?
Skin tags are not the same as corns; they are two completely different conditions. Skin tags generally refer to abnormally proliferating tissue at the nail area, and also commonly refer to warts. Corns usually result from localized abnormal friction, causing proliferative growth of the soft tissue, typically located on the sole of the foot. Skin tags and common warts can also occur on the bottom of the feet, but skin tags usually appear as proliferative, tumor-like protrusions on the surface of the skin, whereas corns generally do not protrude above the surface of the skin.